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In February 1992, what had begun as a simple case of extortion ended up by revealing that corruption in Italy had been widespread and systematic. More than five thousand people were investigated in the course of the enquiries, including Premiers, Members of Parliament, Ministers, and public and private entrepreneurs among others. The successful outcome of these investigations was achievable due to the conjugation of a series of elements: strong public opinion and media support, the independency of the Magistrates, Public Prosecutors and Judicial Police vis-à-vis the political sphere, and the efficiency of the strategy followed by the judiciary. Hampering even better results was the ineffectiveness of international judicial assistance, given that corrupt exchanges do often involve transnational cleaning operations. ; Em Fevereiro de 1992, uma investigação que começara com um simples caso de extorsão, acabaria por revelar a natureza generalizada e sistémica da corrupção em Itália. Mais de cinco mil indivíduos foram inquiridos no decorrer das investigações, incluindo, entre outros, Primeiro Ministros, Deputados, Ministros, altos cargos públicos e homens de negócios. O sucesso destas investigações só foi possível devido à conjugação de uma série de factores: o forte apoio por parte dos média e da opinião pública em geral; a independência, face à esfera politica, dos juízes, magistrados do ministério público e agentes da polícia judiciária; e a eficiência da estratégia de investigação prosseguida pela magistratura. Noentanto, um dos factores que mais terá condicionado a obtenção de melhores resultados foi a ineficácia da cooperação judicial internacional, dado que a maioria das transacções de natureza corrupta geralmente comportam operações transnacionais de branqueamento.

Justice is simultaneously a practical and an ideal concept: when we think of justice, we refer to its day-to-day administration, involving police, lawyers, judges, and politicians-but we also refer to a larger ideal, a set of basic values that guide our attempts to live together and balance competing interests, obligations, and freedoms. If we lose sight of the practical, the ideal will fail-but if we forget the ideal, the practical becomes pointless. On Rules is the culmination of decades of thinking about and working within the law as both ideal and realm of practical action. Gherardo Colombo brings to his rich philosophical analysis of the culture of justice thirty years of experience in the Italian judiciary, which saw him head up numerous important and sensitive commissions and inquiries. His exploration of the concept and application of rules of justice is powerful and clear: if we don't root our experience in a fundamental respect for rules, we cannot have a functioning, just society.