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The Muslim impact on Nairobi 1899-1940. The first African settlements in Nairobi : transformation and adaptation to new realities -- Urban identity in the African settlements in Nairobi -- Legalising African urban space 1922-1939 -- An urban home : Muslim culture and social practices -- Class struggle and nationalism : Modernism in Nairobi 1940-1960. Urban stratification 1940-1952 : housing, neighbourhoods, and class -- Urban stratification 1940-1952 : the spatial implications of politics -- War in the city : restructuring African urban space in Nairobi 1952-1960.

This paper examines the pertinent issue of insecurity in Nigeria and its implication for socio-economic development. Available data on the level and dimensions of insecurity in Nigeria reveals an increase over time, which constitutes serious threat to lives and properties, hinders business activities and discourages local and foreign investors, all which stifles and retards Nigeria's socio-economic development. This rising wave of insecurity has not abated but has assumed a dangerous dimension which is threatening the corporate existence of the country as one geographical entity. In the light of the above the paper recommends that government must be proactive in dealing with security issues and threats, through modern methods of intelligence gathering, and sharing among security personnel, training, logistics, motivation, and deploying advanced technology in managing security challenges. The real solution lies in government accelerating the pace of economic development through creating an economy with relevant social, economic and physical infrastructure to support business and industrial growth.

The media are partners in a democracy because they ensure political participation in the democratic process. Audience perception of the media is vital as it affects credibility and believability of the media and their messages. Credibility and believability of the media are predicated to an extent upon the source of media messages. These issues prompted this study which examined the INEC-Sponsored media messages during the 2019 general elections in Nigeria with specific reference to Warri voters. The study which adopted survey research methodology sampled 384 respondents and used questionnaire to collect data. Data collected were analysed by simple percentages and measures of central tendencies, while hypotheses were tested by Regression Analysis. The study found among others that voters in Warri metropolis perceived that the INEC-Sponsored media messages during the 2019 general elections were credible and thus created the expected level of awareness and sensitization about the general elections. This consequently and significantly influenced voters' turnout in Warri metropolis during the 2019 general elections. The study thereafter recommended among others that INEC should continue to sponsor unbiased media messages to voters as this will strengthen elections and democracy in Nigeria.

This paper examined the contributions of bank credit facilities on small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs') performance in Nigeria from 2004 to 2020. The regressor is bank credit facilities measured by bank loans (BOL), bank advances (BOA), and bank overdrafts (BOV) while the regress and is SMEs' performance measured by the contribution of SMEs to GDP. The study controlled for both cost of credits (COC) and deposit rates (DER). The study sourced data from the Central Bank of Nigerian Statistical Bulletin and the World Bank Data Base, 2020. The study used the Robust Regression estimate to test the research hypotheses. The study evidenced that the model has a high predictor power. Again, bank credit facilities vis-à-vis BOL, BOA, and BOV alongside COC and DER exerted high effects on SMP throughout the studied periods. On individual basis, BOL, BOA, and COC are highly significant while COC is insignificant statistically. In terms of direction, BOL, BOA, and DER have direct effects on SMP while COC have indirect effects on SMP. Consequently, the paper concludes that, bank credit extension vis-à-vis BOL and BOA contributes immensely to the performance of SMEs provided that the COC is reduced and that DER is increased. Hence, the study advocates that bank regulators must ensure that all protocols in obtaining BOA should be minimized so as to ensure that BOA increase SMP. Lastly, the Nigerian government should create an enabling environment for SMEs with a view to further deepen the popularity of bank advances.

Use of computer simulated games among children/students is common and science students are not left out. Whereas poor performance and dwindling enrolment in science subjects have been observed among students in Nigeria, not much evidence has emerged at solving the problems from computer simulation mode of teaching. This study was designed to determine the effects of computer simulation package (CSP) on academic performance of senior secondary school students on the concepts of pollution and energy. Using multi-stage purposive and simple random sampling technique, six hundred (600) Senior Secondary (SS) class two students were selected from twelve co-educational schools consisting of four (4) schools in each of the senatorial districts of the State and fifty (50) students participated. Three hundred (300) students each were used for experimental and control groups. A validated Students' Achievement Test (SAT) instrument, having 30 multiple choice items was used to generate pre-test and post-test data. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test each of the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that the use of computer simulation package (CSP) has significant effect on students' academic performance (F-cal 955.93, P = 0.00*< 0.05) while gender showed no significant influence on students' performance (F-cal 1.03, P = 0.312 >0.05). Thus, science teachers should be trained and retrained in seminars, workshop and conferences on the use of computer simulation packages in order to encourage personalized learning among science students.

Abstract
Existing studies, in Nigeria, have explored the interplay of physical and psychological diseases with a central focus on different psychiatric conditions as well as their social triggers. This article examines ambition as a major intensifier of neurotic and psychotic episodes in Femi Osofisan's play, A Restless Run of Locusts. Freud's psychoanalytic theory is adopted to account for the mental states of the characters, as manifested in their moods, conducts, gait, physical dispositions and utterances. The play is subjected to a critical analysis to reveal some psychiatric symptoms elicited by grave ambition, as exhibited by its protagonist and other characters featured in it. Besides a close reading of the primary text, secondary materials on the field of psychiatry and literature give insights to the study. The play reveals different psychotic and neurotic features which emerge from the fierce greed and ambition of the protagonist in his craving for political positions and privileges. Through verbal and behavioural displays, Osofisan's protagonist undergoes a gradual descent into mental derangement, from neuroses to psychoses.

The study investigated pupils' achievement in rational numbers, using constructivist models and traditional approach of instruction as connecting points between pupils' prior knowledge of whole numbers concept and the new concept. Pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental research design was adopted. A research question guided the study and was answered using descriptive statistics; and a formulated corresponding null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). A sample of 103 pupils was used for the study. A test instrument titled Rational Numbers Achievement Test (RNAT) was developed, validated and used to generate data. The instrument had 0.74 reliability index of internal consistency through the use of Kuder Richardson formula 21. The results showed that different types of representation are central to conceptual understanding, and are able to resolve pupils' difficulties and misconceptions about rational numbers. Based on these findings, it was recommended that constructivist models of instruction should be part of the main instructional approaches for the teaching-learning of mathematics at the Basic Levels of the Nigerian school system.