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Pada awalnya, istilah buzzer hanya digunakan untuk mempromosikan produk-produk tertentu dengan atau tanpa imbalan. Namun, sejak tahun 2014 saat pemilihan umum secara langsung terjadi di Indonesia, buzzer mulai memasuki dunia politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran buzzer politik dalam aktivitas kampanye politik di media sosial Twitter dan aktivitas buzzer politik. Beberapa konsep yang dijadikan landasan dalam penelitian ini adalah komunikasi politik dalam bentuk kampanye politik, new media, dan media sosial. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah pihak yang bekerja sebagai buzzer di media sosial Twitter dengan imbalan tertentu, buzzer sukarelawan, serta pihak yang menjaring masyarakat untuk ikut tergabung menjadi buzzer. Sedangkan objek dalam penelitian ini adalah kicauan atau tweet yang dituliskan oleh buzzer sukarela maupun buzzer dengan imbalan tertentu. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa buzzer profesional atau buzzer dengan imbalan tertentu berperan untuk memperluas suatu informasi melalui aktivitas retweet terkait narasi dan hashtag harian hingga dapat dilihat oleh masyarakat dalam bentuk trending topic.

The youth as a generation of social media users holds great control over the dissemination of information in groups and families. Social media like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Path, becomes a medium of expression and self-existence, and the spread of news and information. In this case, social media becomes a means of spreading the noble values of the culture that is acculturated in one's self and their surrounding environment. However, the younger generation is less aware of the role of social media as a means of spreading the noble values of culture. Information and news in social media are accepted immediately without verifying the truth. Social media is more dominantly used as a means of self-expression, without a positive contribution to other social media users, or, in this case, followers. Therefore, the younger generation needs to be briefed on the use of social media as well as the importance of using social media as a medium that communicates the noble values of culture. The briefing was conducted at SMA Santo Kristoforus 1, West Jakarta. By using survey method to know the effectiveness of the briefing, the younger generation' understanding of the use of social media before and after the briefing. The outcome of this activity, all students are able to show which information that should or should not be disseminated, able to recognize or identify false news (hoaxes), false news information, and the steps taken when receiving the false news.

Cyber media research in its relation to diversity is part of mass communication study particularly cyber media journalism which emerges fast nowadays. In the framework of political democracy in Indonesia, coverage and news coverage on diversity issues depend on the characteristics of the cyber media. Therefore, it is possible that the information being received can differ from one to another cyber media. Since cyber media have speed of information dissemination, they should be able to disseminate messages in accordance with the essential and importance of diversity. This does not disregard definitely that information from cyber media become reference for public to behave and take actions. This study aims to describing the meaning of cyber news coverage, describing cyber news coverage from the aspect of newsworthiness, reviewing the use of news coverage information, and analyzing various news coverage topics in cyber media. As the result, this study found the number of words related to cyber media attention to diversity issues, cyber news coverage that puts forward verification and newsorthiness, and different news coverage topics of diversity issues in each cyber media. ; Cyber media research in its relation to diversity is part of mass communication study particularly cyber media journalism which emerges fast nowadays. In the framework of political democracy in Indonesia, coverage and news coverage on diversity issues depend on the characteristics of the cyber media. Therefore, it is possible that the information being received can differ from one to another cyber media. Since cyber media have speed of information dissemination, they should be able to disseminate messages in accordance with the essential and importance of diversity. This does not disregard definitely that information from cyber media become reference for public to behave and take actions. This study aims to describing the meaning of cyber news coverage, describing cyber news coverage from the aspect of newsworthiness, reviewing the use of news coverage information, and analyzing various news coverage topics in cyber media. As the result, this study found the number of words related to cyber media attention to diversity issues, cyber news coverage that puts forward verification and newsorthiness, and different news coverage topics of diversity issues in each cyber media.

Tourism is one of Indonesia's leading sectors that has been seriously affected by the pandemic. This study aims to describe participatory culture in digital tourism marketing communication channels during the pandemic, through Instagram social media channels from micro-influencers, that focus on three priority tourism destinations that have been set by the government. By using the Participatory Media Culture Theory from Henry Jenkins, it is further studied how consumers and producers create cultural artifacts with commodity value. The research applied a netnographic method, the data were gathered and analyzed by the social media analysis application Analysis.io. The subject of research is the influencers and followers in 3 (three) Instagram accounts: @explorejogja, @indraseptianazhari, and @travelwithgerie, while the object of the research was the forms of participation as cultural artifacts in these accounts This study concludes that the participants build a participatory culture by the power of visual and narrative artifacts, as well as their spreadability. Further this research shows that (1) cultural artifacts in each account have their own characteristics, with similarities in the prosumer participation, where reposting becomes a cultural artifact that has its own power to form virtual relationships; (2) attractive visuals and informal guides in the form of narratives are also cultural artifacts that invite further involvement of participants, in the form of likes, comments, reposts, etc.; and (3) the presence of micro-influencers who are inherently intertwined with these accounts jointly contributing to the dissemination of content and their respective accounts, which in turn becomes a force for the spread of tourism marketing, especially during the pandemic. Pariwisata adalah salah satu sektor unggulan Indonesia yang terkena dampak serius dari pandemi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan budaya partisipatif dalam saluran komunikasi pemasaran pariwisata digital selama pandemi, melalui saluran media sosial Instagram dari mikro-influencer, yang berfokus pada tiga destinasi wisata prioritas yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Dengan menggunakan Teori Budaya Media Partisipatif dari Henry Jenkins, lebih lanjut dipelajari bagaimana konsumen dan produsen menciptakan artefak budaya dengan nilai komoditas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode netnografi, data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dengan aplikasi analisis media sosial Analysis.io. Subjek penelitian adalah influencer dan followers di 3 (tiga) akun Instagram: @explorejogja, @indraseptianazhari, dan @travelwithgerie, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah bentuk partisipasi sebagai artefak budaya dalam akun tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan budaya partisipatori dibangun dengan kekuatan artefak visual dan naratif, serta daya sebarnya. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) artefak budaya di setiap akun memiliki ciri khas tersendiri, dengan kesamaan berupa partisipasi prosumer, dimana reposting menjadi artefak budaya yang memiliki kekuatan untuk membentuk hubungan virtual; (2) visual yang menarik dan panduan informal berupa narasi juga merupakan artefak budaya yang mengundang keterlibatan peserta lebih lanjut, dalam bentuk ekspresi rasa suka, komentar, repost, dll; dan (3) kehadiran micro-influencer yang secara inheren terjalin dengan akun-akun tersebut secara bersama-sama berkontribusi dalam penyebaran konten dan akunnya masing-masing, yang pada akhirnya menjadi kekuatan bagi penyebaran pemasaran pariwisata, khususnya di masa pandemi.

The pattern of news production in the Indonesian television broadcasting industry generally uses two human resources, namely permanent journalists and temporary journalists. Regular journalists are organic employees of television companies. Meanwhile, journalists who are not permanent or contributors only work under a news sale and purchase contract. They are not the organic employees of the television company. They only get honorarium when the news airs. As a result of such a working relationship, the contributors' bargaining position is very weak in front of the television station management. The coverage and news agenda will follow the tastes of television stations. News coverage that is at risk of not airing will be avoided. As a result, there has been neglect of the ideal function of the media in serving the public interest. Based on the political economy theory of media, there has been a commodification of labor in the television news production process. The object of this research is the process of commodification of contributors in the production of television news.Meanwhile, the subjects of this study were television contributors, and news producers of Jakarta television stations.Other contributors who became research informants were in West Java and Ambon. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Collecting data using in-depth interviews, observation and literature study. The results showed that there has been a commodification of contributors in the production of television news. Television management exploits contributors. Television management promotes false consciousness among contributors who are unaware of the commodification. Pola produksi berita pada industri penyiaran televisi Indonesia umumnya memanfaatkan dua sumber daya manusia, yakni jurnalis tetap dan jurnalis lepas. Jurnalis tetap adalah karyawan organik dari perusahaan televisi. Sementara jurnalis lepas atau kontributor hanya bekerja berdasarkan kontrak jual beli berita. Mereka bukan karyawan organik perusahaan televisi. Mereka hanya mendapat imbalan honor ketika beritanya ditayangkan. Akibat dari hubungan kerja semacam itu, posisi tawar kontributor sangat lemah dihadapan manajemen stasiun televisi. Agenda peliputan dan berita akan mengikuti selera stasiun televisi. Peliputan berita yang berisiko tidak tayang akan dihindari. Akibatnya terjadi pengabaian fungsi ideal media dalam melayani kepentingan publik. Makalah ini hendak membedah proses komodifikasi kontributor berdasarkan teori ekonomi politik media. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah proses komodifikasi kontributor dalam produksi berita televisi. Sementara itu subjek dari penelitian ini adalah para kontributor televisi, dan para produser berita stasiun televisi Jakarta. Kontributor lain yang menjadi informan penelitian berada di wilayah Jawa Barat dan Ambon. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telah terjadi komodifikasi kontributor dalam produksi berita televisi. Manajemen televisi melakukan eksploitasi tenaga kontributor. Manajemen televisi mempromosikan kesadaran palsu kepada para kontributor sehingga tidak menyadari adanya komodifikasi tersebut.