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Cette recherche investigue les manières de voir et de penser la sexualité durant les années 1970 dans le contexte genevois. Elle se focalise sur cinq champs spécifiques producteurs de savoirs et de discours sur la sexualité : la sexologie, le planning familial, l'éducation sexuelle, les mouvements féministes et les mouvements homosexuels. L'analyse de ces champs, qui repose sur un large éventail d'archives, permet de mettre en évidence la complexité de la période post-68 et la variété des manières d'appréhender la sexualité, portant à reconsidérer de manière critique la notion de libération sexuelle couramment associée à cette période. Les positions et trajectoires des différents acteurs et instances étudiés dessinent un clivage profond entre deux pôles, clivage qui s'articule autour de la notion de couple hétérosexuel. Sexologie, planning familial et éducation sexuelle produisent et relaient des savoirs qui établissent la conjugalité comme pré-requis à l'exercice de la "bonne sexualité". Ces discours s'opposent et renvoient à la marge ceux produits par les mouvements contestataires qui placent le couple et la famille au cœur du système d'oppression qu'ils appellent à détruire. La configuration explorée et analysée contribue à l'histoire d'une période encore méconnue pour Genève en éclairant les enjeux et les dynamiques à l'œuvre dans cet espace spécifique. Elle contribue à démontrer la portée politique de la sexualité, qui reste aujourd'hui comme dans les années 1970, un enjeu social et politique intimement lié au contrôle des populations.

The study of several probate invento­ries of library and printing professionals in the city of Burgos in the eighteenth century allows a critical analysis of the fu­ture of bookselling and of typographic art in a pre-industrial provincial town. The present study also casts light on material culture and on business opportunities, in a century experiencing multiple tensions in the reconstruction of the State, and with the Bourbon dynasty commanding socio-economic and political activity af­ter the catastrophic seventeenth century. The eighteenth century was fraught with a profound mediocrity and characterized by a loss of reputation in Europe, and by in­ventive activity of limited effectiveness and productivity. ; El acceso a varios inventarios post-mortem de profesionales de la librería y de la impresión en la ciudad de Burgos du­rante el siglo XVIII posibilita un análisis crítico sobre el devenir de la venta de libros y del arte tipográfico en una ciudad pre-industrial de provincias, sobre su cultura material y sobre las posibilidades de ne­gocio. Todo ello en un siglo sometido a múltiples tensiones para la reconstrucción de la epidermis del Estado, con la dinastía borbónica comandando la singladura so­cio-económica y política, tras el catastrófi­co XVII. El Setecientos estuvo preñado de una profunda mediocridad y caracterizado por la pérdida de notoriedad en Europa, con bastantes luces y apariencias pero con poco oro y escasa eficacia y productividad.

This article describes a disruptive approach that offers higher education students and faculty the experience of learning from world business leaders and interacting with fellow members at their institutions. The World Business Forum event was transmitted live to 36 higher education institutions in 19 countries. Webcast and social media discussions around the event were used to create both a local University community and a global Laureate community. The World Business Forum is a two-day event, produced by HSM Global that serves as a platform for the ideas and trends that are shaping the future of business. In 2011, twenty business and political leaders spoke at the event. Through its partnership with HSM, Laureate was able to broadcast the event to auditoriums on university campuses and to add live content and discussion around speakers, making the webcast relevant to an academic audience. Universities were provided with academic, technical and communication manuals to guide them through the implementation of the event on campus. The network-wide webcast had participation of 36 higher education institutions in 19 countries, and 56,400 viewers. The Laureate- hosted Facebook page generated 2,900 "likes," 3,000 "posts" and 410,000 views and Twitter produced thousands of tweets from around the world. Both the participation on campuses and social media indicated that the webcast provided broad access to the event and created a global forum for students and faculty to participate in the event.DOI:10.18870/hlrc.v2i1.57

В истории Турции армия всегда играла заметную роль – будь то решение проблем с соседними государствами, подавление восстаний или череда янычарских заговоров и мятежей, нередко приводивших к свержению султанов ; Army has always played prominent part in the history of Turkey, whether that was coping with problems with neighboring countries or suppression of uprisings and a chain of janissary conspiracies or revolts, which often brought to dethronement of sultans. During the military coups committed by the Turkish army throughout the 20th century it relied on the received support of the society, the only existing party or an entire party system and business circles. Now it receives limited support of the part of the society which adhere secular views and a number of secondor third-rate parties which cannot compete with JDP. Today the army of Turkey conducts rearguard actions in retreat – in order to save its face and not to capitulate to the Islamic revolution – haggling at the same time for privileges, ranks and post. On the other hand the Turkish generals realize the benefits they can receive from broader use of military power in support of the foreign policy of Turkey, which becomes more active and aggressive at the same time, and possible dividends from its new place in pan-Turkic and even broader pan-Islamic military and technical and military and political cooperation. And neo-Young Turks need the army "of their own" – the one Mustafa Kemal had.

Collins and Skover's essay examines Yale Law School Dean Robert Post's recent book, Democracy, Expertise, and Academic Freedom: A First Amendment Jurisprudence for the Modern State (Yale, 2012). Collins and Skover describe and examine Dean Post's dichotomy between the realm of "democratic legitimation," where the First Amendment should offer its strongest protections, and the realm of "democratic competence," where the First Amendment should yield to the findings of knowledgeable experts. Questioning the theoretical premises of Dean Post's book, they argue that a "harm principle" may better explain much of the First Amendment doctrine that Post attempts to reconcile with his dichotomy. Moreover, they challenge Post's thesis at a more operational level: if his theory is to have any meaningful staying power, it cannot be oblivious to the obvious – that the academic centers of knowledge are increasingly commercialized. Colleges and universities, once seen as bastions of learning serving the common good, have increasingly transformed into citadels of industry serving the cause of private profit. In this commercialized environment, medical schools produce bio-medical studies unduly influenced by industry; brilliant researchers earn lucrative consulting fees; and distinguished professors take title to industry-endowed chairs. In the face of this, ironically Robert Post's First Amendment theory may unwittingly protect the research produced by for-profit experts, even though pecuniary influences corrupt the integrity of the centers of knowledge.

The creation of social virtual networks has been stimulated by the appearance of a new type of entrepreneur that we might call, given his peculiarities: group cyberentrepreneur.This fact is transforming the society and in the company of the 21st century it is opening new possibilities of business inside the digital economy. The democratization of the TIC and the major knowledge and skills acquired by the internauts is accelerating the above mentioned process of transformation that is taking place (produced) inside the Technological Post-industrial Cyber-society (CTP). In this work there are analyzed which are the characteristics of these social virtual networks, as well as the cyber-entrepreneur is defined and characterized. ; La creación de redes sociales virtuales ha sido incentivada por la aparición de un nuevo tipo de emprendedor que podríamos llamar, dadas sus peculiaridades: ciberemprendedor grupal. Este hecho está transformando a la sociedad y en la empresa del siglo XXI está abriendo nuevas posibilidades de negocio dentro de la economía digital. La democratización de las TIC y el mayor conocimiento y habilidades adquiridas por los internautas está acelerando dicho proceso de transformación que se está produciendo dentro de la Cibersociedad Tecnológica Postindustrial (CTP). En este trabajo se analizan cuáles son las características de estas redes sociales virtuales, así como se define y caracteriza al ciberemprendedor grupal.

Introduction : Le médecin généraliste est un acteur de premier plan dans la prise en charge globale des patients. Objectif : évaluer la satisfaction des médecins généralistes concernant les informations fournies et le niveau de communication avec un service de chirurgie hospitalisant un de ses patients. Méthode : 112 médecins ont participé à l'étude rétrospective de patients hospitalisés dans le service de chirurgie viscérale de l'HIA Legouest entre le 02/11/09 et le 31/01/2010. Ils ont répondu à un questionnaire à réponses fermées concernant : le compte rendu d'hospitalisation (CRH) , la qualité des informations fournies , la rétro information hôpital-ville pour les pathologies chroniques (réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaires (RCP) , oncologie ). Une question ouverte a été posée pour connaitre les différentes propositions des omnipraticiens. Résultats : 90% des médecins trouvent le CRH important ou très important ; pour 98% d'entre eux les consignes post-opératoires sont claires. Les lacunes concernent, dans 76% des cas, les mesures d'hygiène. Une fiche de liaison est souhaitée pour 92%. La tenue des RCP ne leur est pas communiquée dans 68% des cas mais 66 % des médecins ne souhaitent pas participer (par manque de temps). 85% estiment que leurs patients sont bien informés des modalités thérapeutiques et pronostic de leur pathologie oncologique. Conclusion : Les médecins généralistes apparaissent globalement satisfaits des informations transmises. Des améliorations sont encore possibles pour assurer la continuité des soins : la systématisation de l'utilisation d'une fiche de liaison, de fiches protocolisées par pathologie, d'Apycript , de la vidéoconférence.

Eating out: Food as a troupe of exclusion in the novels of Zakes Mda McCulloch A & Radia P (eds): Food and Appetites: The Hunger Artist and the Arts Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012, pp 31-43, ISBN 978-1-4438-4154-2 ; In his novel Ways of Dying (1995), the South African writer Zakes Mda uses food as a marker of tension between spatial access and exclusion. The trope fuses social and economic spaces from which his characters are barred by material deprivation. The only access they have is through a satirically drawn imaginative feast of their own construction. In a modification of the trope, diet is used to mark out a space of carnivalesque identity for Toloki, the protagonist of this novel. Related devices are used in Mda?s subsequent novels The Madonna of Excelsior (2002) and The Whale Caller (2005). This raises the question whether wishfulness can energise sufficient social agency, or whether a strategy of transcendence can be justified, in a literature of deprivation. Indeed, Mda has been criticised for refusing the documentary burden of antiapartheid radicalism while writing about life in black townships so constrained by poverty that their present economic disenfranchisement resembles the political exclusion of apartheid. I argue that Mda collapses the opposition between engaged and carnivalesque writing, retaining a critique of apartheid and its post-apartheid aftermath while resisting the rhetoric of engagement.

This research note focuses on the far-flung Burmese overseas communities, situating them into the wider diaspora literature. Drawing on extant scholarship on refugees, migrants and exiled dissidents of Burmese origin, it presents an original cartography of Burmese diasporic groups dispersed throughout Asia. It explores their migration patterns and tentatively maps out their transnational networks. It seeks to comparatively examine the relationships these polymorphous exiled groups have developed with the homeland. Two research questions have been identified and need further exploration in the context of the post-junta opening that has been observed since 2011: First, what comprises the contribution of the Burmese diaspora to political change and homeland democratization? This has been widely debated over the years. Despite a dynamic transnational activism, there is still little evidence that overseas Burmese have influenced recent domestic political developments. Second and subsequently, how can the Burmese diaspora effectively generate social and economic change back home: by "remitting" or by "returning"? This note argues that Burmese migrant social and financial remittances might prove a more viable instrument to foster development and democratization inside Myanmar in the short term than a mere homecoming of exiles and skilled migrants. This is a preliminary analysis that hopes to encourage further research on Burmese diasporic politics and their potential leverage as "agents of change". Adapted from the source document.

В статье прослеживается история темы народной вольницы в творчестве поэта В.В.Каменского, определяются социокультурные причины популярности его произведений о Степане Разине у широкой аудитории конца 1910-х начала 1920-х гг. Подчеркивается существенная роль фольклорного начала и стилистики низовой культуры, которые обусловили, с одной стороны, успех «Разина» Каменского у демократической публики пореволюционной эпохи, с другой ограничили сферу и время бытования произведения. Обозначаются биографические и геопоэтические истоки специфики трактовки Каменским темы народной вольницы. Фольклорный образ «благородного разбойника» Степана Разина рассматривается как модель творческого поведения поэта. ; In the article the development of the theme of volnitsa (folk liberty) in the creativity of the poet Vassily Kamensky is traced. Sociocultural reasons for popularity of his works about Stepan Razin among the large audience of the late 1910-s-early 1920-s are revealed. A significant role of the folk basis and the stylistics of Cossacks culture, which determined, on the one hand, the success of "Razin" by V.Kamensky among the democratic audience of the post-revolution period and, on the other hand, limitation of the sphere and literary time of the work are emphasized. The biographic and geopoetic sources of Kamensky's interpretation of the specificity of the theme of "volnitsa" are considered. The folk image of Stepan Razin embodied in Noble Robber is regarded as a model of the poet`s artistic behavior.

Анализируется такая категория населения, как урядники Пермского уезда, для чего применяется метод просопографического исследования. На основе изучения формулярных списков Пермской уездной стражи рисуется коллективный портрет пермского урядника. Помимо общих статистических сведений приводятся факты из биографии и служебной деятельности урядников, внесших значительный вклад в борьбу с преступностью. Подробно рассматривается рутинная работа урядников. ; The article covers the issue of the Ural's police in XIX XX centuries which is one of the most unstudied issues in Russian history. The author explores specific characteristics of village constable as a representative of Russian police in volost' who influenced the life of volost's peasants. The large Perm uezd was divided in 13 constable's parcels after establishing the post of the village constable in 1878; then in 1900 the number of village constables was increased to 18, including private and industrial constables; and in 1906 the number was increased to the amount of volost's in the uezd (44). The prosopographical analysis of the official lists of village constables (1906-1917) shows that 1/3 of them began their career as ordinary police guards which means that there was an opportunity of making a career in the police guard of Perm uezd. The overwhelming majority of village constables came from families of peasants and/or priests; more then 1/3 of village constables were former non-commissioned officers, and 22% of the village constables were former military clerks. In general, village constables' qualities and education were much better than police guards' ones.

Up to the late 1990s, discourse around mass emigration from Azerbaijan had to do, above all, with mass post-Soviet labour migration. During the last two decades (1990-2009) 266,000 arrived in the country as permanent migrants and 707,500 departed from Azerbaijan according to official statistics. According to official statistics the balance of migration was negative for Azerbaijan (though never massively negative) almost every year. But in the last two years more people arrived in the country than left it. On the grounds of these figures the authorities announced that Azerbaijan has become attractive for immigrants. President Ilham Aliyev's stated: "The number of foreigners intending to visit the Republic of Azerbaijan will increase while Azerbaijan is developing. This can be considered a positive factor for our country. However, we must prefer the interests of our state, people, citizens and this must be the priority for our migration policy" on the home page of the Internet Site of the "State Migration Service of Azerbaijan Republic" in fact, there is the official declaration of changes in the migration process. These ideas have been set in state law in the "Decree by the president of the Azerbaijani Republic on the use of the 'single window' principle in the management of migration processes" (4th of March 2009). ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

Обоснована целесообразность разработки промышленной политики в современных условиях хозяйствования. Проанализирована ретроспектива государственной промышленной политики в металлургии Украины в кризисный и посткризисный периоды. Выделены главные проблемы развития украинской металлургической промышленности и определены базовые приоритеты, направления и меры украинской государственной промышленной политики в отрасли. ; The expediency of developing the industrial policy in the contemporary economy is substantiated. It is revealed that the problems of the industrial policy in the developed and developing countries differ significantly as a result of uneven economic growth. Retrospective of the state industrial policy in the metallurgy of Ukraine in the crisis and post crisis periods is analyzed. The main anti-crisis government measures, their objectives and results of actions are defined. The measures turned out to be short-lived and did not solve the underlying structural and technological problems of the industry. Consequently, the dynamics of the major industrial and economic performance of the industry in the period under review was negative. In the paper, the main problems of Ukraine's steel industry are identified, among which the most important problem is high energy intensity of production, its low technological level and assortment deformation of the structure of steel products production and consumption. The priorities, directions and measures of the Ukrainian state industrial policy in the above industry are marked with a shift of emphasis in favor of the realization of strategic objectives improving the efficiency of resources and ecology.

In a decade of post-reformation era, the religious life has been nuanced with the vast existence of radical-fundamental movements that underscore the non-compromised mode of action and tend to legalize violence pursuing their aims in Indonesia. At the same time, it is urgent to note the release of The Thematic Exegesis (Tafsir) of Al-Qur'an: The Inter-religious Relationship as the implementation of RPJMN 2004-2009 by the Ministry of Religious affairs the Republic of Indonesia. The issue of the exegesis serves as the benchmark of various Tafsir of either in a too-literal or a too-liberal one appeared in Indonesia. The issue is then the relationship between the condition of religious life in Indonesia and The Thematic Exegesis of AlQur'an: The Inter-religious Relationship as the government type of Tafsir.This research uses a critical discourse analysis in that it implements Teun A. van Dijk's model of discourse analysis focused on three dimensional constructions of discourse: text, social cognition, and social context. To sum up, the concepts of religious tolerance offered in the exegesis are the principles of religious freedom, the tolerance of religious other, and the harmonious principle. Those three concepts of religious tolerance are a government version as it is imbued in the Exegesis produced by the government. This underlines the relationship of the Exegesis as a product of knowledge and power.