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Aus jugoslawischer Sicht

"Power Struggles: Hydro Development and First Nations in Manitoba and Quebec examines the evolution of new agreements between First Nations and Inuit and the hydro corporations in Quebec and Manitoba, including the Wuskwatim Dam Project, Paix des Braves, and the Great Whale Project. In the 1970s, both provinces signed so-called "modern treaties" with First Nations for the development of large hydro projects in Aboriginal territories. In recent times, however, the two provinces have diverged in their implementation, and public opinion of these agreements has ranged from celebratory to outrage. Power Struggles brings together perspectives on these issues from both scholars and activists."--Jacket

Since the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and a Supreme Court ruling that the federal government cannot compel states to expand Medicaid, a policy window has opened for states to change Medicaid policy. States are now faced with the option to expand Medicaid. Although the literature on Medicaid expansion indicates that politics plays a determining role on states' decisions on Medicaid expansion, comprehensive analyses of dominant factors that affect these decisions on Medicaid is lacking in the field of Medicaid policy. This study will explore the decision making process of state level policies and the effect of relevant state characteristics on Medicaid expansion. This dissertation examines prominent factors that influence state decisions on Medicaid expansion. Although the literature on Medicaid expansion post the ACA is limited in scope, this study is informed by a range of other disciplines, such as education, political science, intergovernmental management, and economics. A conceptual framework is developed based on the interdisciplinary nature of the literature and five models are created: political, economic, needs-based, state capacity, and state innovation and diffusion. A state comparative cross-sectional research design is utilized to test the five models and a combined model of state decision making on Medicaid expansion using multinomial logistic regression analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of this study reveal that when all of the models are combined, state needs-based factors are more influential than political, economic, state capacity, and state innovation and diffusion factors. However, the political model has the most explanatory power when the individual models are tested separately. This research demonstrates that the five models utilized in this study play a significant role in the decision making process of states on Medicaid expansion. In addition, this research addresses a gap in the literature that elucidates influential factors that affect the decisions of states on not only Medicaid policy, but also general state policies.

In line with the advances in the analysis of migration processes and other phenomena of human mobility, thanks to the contributions of theoretical and methodological framework of transnationalism, we intend to make a brief presentation on the specifities of the Cuban case in Spain. As we will have the opportunity to discuss later, one of the peculiarities of Cuban migration is the multitude of obstacles and constraints that the Cuban State imposes on the transnational movement of its citizens. These bureaucratic and political restrictions are a reality inseparable from the design that people make of their migratory project. ; En consonancia con los avances experimentados en el análisis de los procesos migratorios y de otros fenómenos de movilidad humana 1, gracias a las aportaciones del marco teórico y epistemológico del transnacionalismo, nos proponemos realizar una presentación sucinta de las particularidades del caso cubano en España. Como tendremos la oportunidad de analizar más adelante, una de las peculiaridades de la emigración cubana consiste en la multiplicidad de trabas y cortapisas que el Estado cubano imponea la circulación transnacional de sus ciudadanos. Estas restricciones burocrático-políticas constituyen una realidad inseparable del diseño que las personas hacen de su proyecto migratorio.

Pada 27 Januari 2017 pemerintah Amerika Serikat mengeluarkan Excecutive Order 13769: Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States yang intinya melarang penerimaan imigran dari 7 Negara mayoritas Muslim (Suriah, Iran, Irak, Libya, Sudan, Yaman dan Somalia) selama 90 hari serta menghentikan penerimaan program pengungsi Amerika Serikat selama 120 hari. Namun kebijakan eksekutif tersebut dicabut dan diganti dengan Executive Order 13780: Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States, yang isinya mengaktifkan kembali program penerimaan pengungsi Amerika Serikat dan menerapkan vetting process yang harus dilalui oleh para pengungsi. Padahal dalam Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967 yang telah diatur mengenai perlindungan terhadap pengungsi dan sebagaimana seharusnya perlakuan negara terhadap para pengungsi, terlebih Amerika Serikat merupakan salah satu pihak yang turut serta meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967 tersebut. Selain itu pula dalam permasalahan ini UNHCR selaku badan yang menangani pengungsi terkesan tidak terlalu berperan dikarenakan adanya kebijakan eksekutif tersebut.Dalam penulisan penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif atau kepustakaan. Untuk teknik pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan dengan membaca dan mengutip bahan hukum yang berkaitan dengan pokok-pokok bahasan dalam penelitian serta menggunakan teknik wawancara terhadap narasumber. Adapun untuk teknik analisa data penulis menggunakan teknik deksriptif dengan memaparkan dan menggambarkan secara menyeluruh mengenai apa yang menjadi pokok permasalahan.Dalam persoalan ini UNHCR hanya berperan dalam menentukan status sebagai pengungsi sesuai dengan prosedur yang sudah ditetapkan, namun untuk pemukiman kembali pengungsi di Amerika Serikat pemerintahannya akan melakukan pemeriksaan kembali terhadap pengungsi yang telah ditetapkan statusnya oleh UNHCR dengan menerapkan vetting process sehingga UNHCR tidak terlalu berperan dalam permasalahan ini. Executive Order 13780 tidak sesuai dengan Konvensi Pengungsi 1951 dikarenakan bertentangan norma-norma terkait dengan perlindungan terhadap pengungsi, dan juga instrumen hukum lainnya seperti: Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, American Convention on Human Rights, Immigration and Nationality Act of the United States, dan Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, hal ini dapat dianggap bertentangan karena vetting process yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat tersebut cenderung diskriminasi terhadap umat muslim.Kata Kunci: UNHCR, Executive Order 13780, Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967

In this article, we defend the importance of the concept of 'stateness' in scholarly understanding of political democratization. We argue that because processes of political democratization in different spatio-temporal settings often share important similarities they are therefore comparable. We investigate this proposition by comparing the process of American political democratization with those of other liberal democracies, old & new. We review extant accounts of the historical process of American democratization -- including those addressing American exceptionalism, class structures, multiple traditions, social movements, & international pressures -- before presenting an alternative comparative account based on the idea of stateness. Attention to stateness problems defined along legal, bureaucratic, & ideological dimensions & derived from both the classic Weberian perspective on the state & the more recent 'third wave' of democratization theory help to place the long American experience of democratization in comparative perspective. This finding illuminates some of the common political challenges in the construction of liberal democracies, old & new. Adapted from the source document.