Suchergebnisse

This paper investigates the labour market and welfare changes experienced by enlarged-EU migrants before and after 2007. For this purpose, we briefly review the Spanish socio-economic institutional background, as well as its migration policy towards enlarged-EU citizens. Then we discuss the importance of inflows and stocks of enlarged-EU migrants in Spain, including their socio-demographic, labour market and welfare use characteristics. We proceed to evaluate the impact of enlarged-EU migrants on the Spanish labour market and the welfare state, with particular attention paid to how the situation has changed for enlarged-EU migrants after 2007, in relation to other migrants and natives. After investigating the effects of enlarged-EU migrants on the native population, the paper concludes with a discussion on lessons learned.

Interview of Jean-Pierre Schoettl

The present State of public data reserves is very badly known. Only publications have been inventoried. As far as communication of public data is concerned, a distinction must be drawn between access -mainly regulated by the Act of 17 july 1978 -and dissemination, which is linked to government missions. The nature of the medium used for collecting and disseminating data is determining the judgement which can be made on the interest of communication to the public. From this point of view, information technology leads to share the dissemination and circulation of informations. The concepts of public interest and public service missions have to give guidance to government in its choices about valorisation of public data reserves. Three series of legal norms divide the roles between public administration and the private sector : judge made principles regarding the economic interventions of public bodies, national competition law and european community law. The specific aspects of information public services have to be carefully taken into account, as their mission may include data with added value. The choice of a medium and tarification are very important points as to the administrative transparency which has to be the base of these services. Although ail these questions are linked, they belong to too different legal regimes as to allow for a common legal status for information.

Die Arbeit untersucht die Überlebenschancen von Betrieben, die von Frauen gegründet wurden. Zugrunde liegen Daten, die aus Gewerbeanmeldungen in Oberbayern zwischen 1980 und 1988 (Vollerhebung) gewonnen wurden. Mit Methoden der Ereignisdatenanalyse wird festgestellt, "daß die Überlebenschance der von Frauen gegründeten Betriebe insgesamt genauso gut sind wie die Chancen der von Männern gegründeten Firmen. Bei der Branchenverteilung der Gründerinnen konnte die Bevorzugung von frauentypischen Bereichen bestätigt werden. Die 'token'-These von Kanter läßt sich anhand der Daten bestätigen: Frauen, die in Branchen mit hohem Frauenanteil gründen, können ihre Betriebe länger am Leben erhalten als Frauen, die sich in männerdominierte Branchen wagen. Der entgegengesetzte Effekt trifft auch für die Betriebe von Männern zu." (pag)