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Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- Orientalism and Ersatz Islam -- Weber, New-Orientalism and Ersatz Islam -- Secularism and the New-Orientalism -- Ersatz Islam, "Islamic Law," Shari'ah, and Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) -- Ersatz Islam and the Marxist Paradigm54 -- For Whom the Orientalist Bell Tolls? -- References -- 2 Capitalism and the Islamic Economic System -- Does Capitalism Define an Islamic Economy? -- Defining Capitalism -- Exchange, Principle and Mentality of Capitalism -- Islam and Capitalism-the Connection -- Varieties of Capitalism -- Religious Basis of Adam Smith's Vision of the Economy -- Islamic Economic System and Capitalism -- Does Capitalism Define an Islamic Economy? -- References -- 3 Overview of an Ideal Islamic System -- The Qur'an -- The Concept of Barakah -- The Objectives and Role of the Prophets and Messengers -- The New Institutional Economics and Institutional Scaffolding -- Institutional Scaffolding of Ideal Islamic Economy -- Role of Rules -- Rules of the Metaframework -- Overview of Sunan of Allah and Their Characteristics -- Overview of Rules Governing Humans' Relation with Allah (swt), with Their Own Self and with One Another -- References -- 4 Institutional Structure of a Sound Economy -- References -- 5 The Rules Governing an Islamic Economy -- Introduction -- Islamic Economic Paradigm -- The Ideal Economy -- Rules Governing Property -- Rules Governing the Market -- Rules Governing Distribution-Redistribution -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- Major Sunan of Allah (Swt) -- Characteristics of Sunan of Allah (Swt) -- References -- 6 The Operational Features of an Islamic Economy -- Economic Implications of Rules -- Implication of Rules for Economic Justice and Income and Wealth Distribution -- Concluding Remarks -- References

Intro -- TURKEY AND THE U.S.: ALLIANCES, RELATIONS AND DEFENSE COOPERATION -- TURKEY AND THE U.S.: ALLIANCES, RELATIONS AND DEFENSE COOPERATION -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 TURKEY: BACKGROUND AND U. S. RELATIONS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION AND ISSUES FOR CONGRES -- Background and Domestic Political Issues -- Historical Overview -- Changes to the Kemalist Order -- In the Past Decade -- In Historical and Societal Context -- Fethullah Gulen Movement -- Economy and Trade -- Major Minority Groups -- Kurds -- Alevis -- A New Constitution? -- Minority Religious Rights -- FOREIGN POLICY ON MATTERS OF U.S. INTEREST -- The "Turkish Model" and Regional Stance -- Israel -- Syria -- Iran and NATO Missile Defense -- Iraq and the PKK -- Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean -- Armenia -- Afghanistan -- Regional Energy Issues -- Turkey as a Transit Corridor and Potential Source -- Nuclear Energy -- Turkey and the European Union -- Other International Relationships -- U.S.-TURKEY RELATIONS -- Overview -- Bilateral and NATO Defense Cooperation -- POSSIBLE U.S. POLICY OPTIONS -- Influencing Regional Change and Promoting Stability -- Arms Sales and Military/Security Assistance -- Possible Armenian Genocide -- Bilateral Trade Promotion -- CONCLUSION -- APPENDIX A. PROFILES OF KEY FIGURES IN TURKEY -- Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan -- President Abdullah Gul -- Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu -- Opposition Leader Kemal Kilicdaroglu -- PKK Leader Abdullah Ocalan -- APPENDIX B. LIST OF SELECTED TURKISH-RELATED ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES -- APPENDIX C. CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE REPORTS OF ARMENIAN GENOCIDE-RELATED PROPOSED RESOLUTIONS -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 TURKEY-U.S. DEFENSE COOPERATION: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION: ISSUES FOR CONGRESS -- OVERVIEW OF COOPERATION -- Background -- Turkey's Importance to U.S. National Security

"This book is an in-depth analysis of how cultural, religious and social institutions have shaped the economic destinies of North America and Latin America over the last five hundred years. The final chapters look at recent developments in individual Latin American countries and considers the possibilities for an economic turnaround"--Provided by publisher

Examines spatial and social isolation, religious participation, economic marginalization, and contraceptive characteristics of women forced to flee from rural areas to the city as a result of prolonged civil conflict, 1993; Maputo, Mozambique.

The specifics of the Islamic renaissance in the Chechen Republic today are related to the increased activity of Muslims and the spread in non-traditional religious trends, as well as to several political and cultural factors that have had an impact on shaping the sociocultural characteristics of Chechen society over the course of history. The extremely complicated religious and political situation in the Chechen Republic today is defined by Islamic traditions, the sociocultural characteristics of the Chechen ethnicity, and the contradictory influence of the new religious trends. It is worth noting that the Islamic trends that became clearly designated right before the collapse of the Soviet Union have added dynamism to the spiritual and religious-political situation not only in the republic itself, but also throughout Russia as a whole. The religious renaissance in Chechnia in the pre-Soviet period was accompanied by an increased interest in Islamic values and the Muslims' desire to improve the conditions for public worship. In order to satisfy the need for religious knowledge, mosques had to be built, Islamic educational institutions established, and the corresponding literature and periodicals published. On the eve of the Soviet Union's collapse, the Islamic renaissance in the Chechen-Ingush A.S.S.R. found no obstacles in its path, particularly since the participants in this process were not politically active nor did they call for religious fundamentalism or replacement of the communist slogans with provisions of Shari'a law. The negative aspects of the Islamic renaissance appeared some time later when Islamic parties and movements emerged bearing slogans of integrism. They refused to recognize public power and called for creating a theocratic state and full Islamization of secular society. The holders of these ideas, the followers of Wahhabism (Wahhabis), became active after the collapse of the Soviet Union: they began creating organizational structures and press organs, lobbying their interests in the power structures, and gaining access to television. The Wahhabis considered their most important task to be achieving spiritual and political domination in society; these attempts exaggerated the religious contradictions within Muslim society and also gave rise to a conflict between secular and religious values. Such moods were expressed most virulently and manifested in extreme forms in Daghestan, Chechnia, Ingushetia, and Kabardino-Balkaria. Many religious-political and sociocultural phenomena relating to the Islamic renaissance can be analyzed using the example of the Chechen Republic based on historical facts.

At present, there are about 190,000 Jews living in Germany. 60 years after the end of WWII, they are struggling with their self-conception that is influenced by four primary developments: 1) forced normalization; 2) generation change; 3) Jewish immigration from Eastern Europe; and 4) religious pluralism. With the passing on of the Holocaust generation, a significant change is taking place where understandings and taboos are changing, even loosing their significance.

How Australians fund schooling has been a matter of bitter political, social, and religious division for almost two hundred years. And it remains so. The 2012 Gonski Review, urging all jurisdictions to move towards consensus on a needs-based and socially just education system, has continued to encounter forms of political obstruction. By examining the principles, the motives, and the means of those who, since Menzies, have fought to develop and maintain a class-based education system at the expense of a broader view of social justice, this book explains how and why Australian education policy remains mired in political controversy

"Religion, Secularism, and Political Belonging rethinks the meaning of the secular/religion relationship across the globe, and with it the approach needed to conduct research in the Global Humanities today, by developing a translational approach to its comparative study of four distinct regions of the world-North America, the European Union, Israel/Palestine, and China"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- Acknowledgments -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Sexual abuse of young boys in the Roman Catholic Church: an insider clinician's academic perspective -- 2 Clerical abuses of minors and cultural context: which link? -- 3 Does faulty theology play a role in the abuse crisis? -- 4 Social networks and sexual abuse in the Catholic Church: when priests become pirates -- 5 From causes toward stratagems and theological considerations -- 6 Canonical response to the sexual abuse crisis in the United States

Ohne Recht ist unser Alltag nicht denkbar. Das Recht betrifft uns mit seinen Wertvorstellungen, Normen und Orientierungen als Privatperson ebenso wie als Staatsbürgerin oder Staatsbürger. Es sollte daher von möglichst vielen verstanden und angewandt werden können. Das Fachlexikon umfast über 1.500 Stichwörter, die an den Erfahrungen der Praxis ausgerichtet sind.

Introduction: Nigeria in global perspective -- Sources of Nigerian influence and significance -- Challenges of nation building -- Pathways of change -- U.S. relations with Nigeria -- Conclusions