Suchergebnisse

The article highlights the problems of the competence approach in the higher education system. The author analyzes the conceptual issues of studying the peculiarities of training specialists in the social sphere in different countries of the world in the framework of studying the masters specialty "Social work" of the discipline "World models and standards of specialists in the social sphere training". The article defines the purpose and objectives of the discipline "World models and standards of specialists in the social sphere training". The author analyzes the content of the concept "competence". The author focuses on integrational changes in education in a global context. The article analyzes competences and competences in accordance with the Framework Program for Updated Key Competences for Lifelong Learning, established by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union on 17 January 2018. The author analyzes personal, social and educational competences, characterizes basic knowledge, skills and attitudes in accordance with this competence. The article analyzes the content of the definition "competence" in the scientific and practical perspective. The article describes the concept "scientific research competence". The author defines the content of professional competences on the basis of the discipline "World models and standards of specialists in the social sphere training". The article focuses on the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical experience of training social specialists in the process of developing methodological recommendations for the implementation of such experience in the system of training of relevant specialists in Ukraine as a key competence of the discipline "World models and standards of specialists in the social sphere training". The author recommends to take into account the conceptual principles of formation of professional competencies of social sphere specialists at the level of study of the discipline "World models and standards of specialists in the social sphere training" provided that they are integral characteristics. ; У статті висвітлюються проблеми компетентнісного підходу в системі вищої освіти. Автор проводить аналіз професійних компетенцій на рівні вивчення навчальної дисципліни "Світові моделі та стандарти підготовки фахівців соціальної сфери". Автор аналізує зміст понять "компетентності" та "компетенції". Проводиться аналіз особистої, соціальної та навчальної компетентності у контексті Рамкової програми оновлених ключових компетентностей для навчання протягом життя. Автор проводить аналіз змісту дефініцій "компетентність" та "компетенція" у науково-практичному ракурсі. Дається характеристика поняття "науково-дослідницької компетентності".

Quantitative data are increasingly influencing the evaluation of the effectiveness of research and researchers. Citations may be the main metric to assess the quality and value of a publication, the number of which evaluates the academic impact. Who and how is citing Ukrainian scholarly journals? And speaking about citations, what are the main connections and trends? To study these aspects, we analyzed the citations of two "young" Ukrainian journals published by the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The authors searched for articles published by two journals (Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal and Kyiv-Mohyla Law and Politics Journal) in the citation databases Dimensions, Web of Science and Scopus. With the help of bibliometric analysis, such indicators as: citation; self-citation of the author; self-citation of the journal; citations from the author affiliated with the publisher of the journal; citations from the author who has a joint affiliation with the author of the article; Altmetric Attention Score. The purpose of the study is to distinguish the publications impact in various fields of knowledge in Open Access journals for researchers around the world, the growing number of citations for English-language publications, the importance of international publishing standards, correlations for self-citation, etc. An important aim is also to summarize the importance of journal indexing in different databases. The study showed that the number of journal citations is primarily influenced by the thematic relevance of published materials. Including, the subject of the article (volume, issue) has a strong correlation with the dynamics and geography of the citations. The number of self-citations of authors, self-citations of the journal, as well as citations from the joint affiliation with the author and publisher was insignificant. No significant impact on the number of citations was also found in the date of publication and its distribution on the Internet (Altmetric). Journal indexing in abstract, full-text ...

Leadership style as a characteristic behavior of a leader, is the prerogative in public administration activity. As follows the leader stimulates employees to achieve the goals of a public institution. The author of the article notes that style is primarily an element of the leadership system, which is characterized by individual characteristics that are directly determined by the personality of the leader. The article analyzes the first studies conducted by K. Levin on issues of the effectiveness of leadership style, which contributed to the separation of authoritarian, democratic and liberal style of management. In his research, the author focuses on special aspects of the leadership styles study, in particular, the "hidden" that formed during the heyday of American business. The article analyzes the "hidden" style of leadership, that is characterized by recognition of the importance of horizontal relationships – free communication between representatives of different structural units, which contributed to effective interaction between them. The author also draws attention to such leadership styles as executive, proactive and inconsistent in terms of authoritarianism and collegiality. However, in public administration such a leadership style as participatory (democratic) is poorly explored. According to the author of the article, such a leadership style allows to achieve a high degree of cooperation in developing a common position on solving numerous tasks. The author carried out a scientific generalization of the researches on the issues of introduction of participatory leadership in public administration in Ukraine, which was conducted by the Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation within the framework of the Program for Promoting Public Activity "Join!" (USAID / ENGAGE), funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by the Pact in Ukraine, based on a nationwide survey in January-February 2020 on public involvement in public administration activity. ; Стиль ...

The author of the article has analyzed the legislation of Ukraine on combating the spread of infectious diseases, in particular, with regard to the perfection of the formulation of powers of local self-government agencies. The author emphasizes that the restrictions imposed by the authorities (regarding the ban on the operation of private catering establishments, hotels, shops, etc.) are an intrusion (interference) of the state, represented by local self-government agencies into the property right guaranteed by the Art. 1 of the First Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. This conclusion, according to the author, follows, in particular, from the ECHR judgments, where it stated that the concept of "property", as well as "ownership", has a fairly broad interpretation and covers a range of economic interests (assets) – both tangible and intangible, such as: real estate, proceeds from property, personal property, "assets", "legitimate expectations" to act in accordance with a permit issued by public authorities, etc. The author of the article studies the process of introducing sequestration restrictions on the territory of Kyiv City; studies the status of the Plenary Committee on Technogenic and Environmental Safety and Emergency Situations of the executive agency of Kyiv City Council, which decided to introduce such restrictions. The analysis of the Ukrainian legislation has resulted to the conclusion that the Committee did not have the authority to introduce sequestration restrictions. It has been concluded at the end of the article that the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of the Population from Infectious Diseases" should be revised and amended. According to the author, the types, conditions and procedures for introducing measures that can be implemented by the public administration subjects to overcome the spread of infectious diseases should be determined with the greatest degree of details; the authorized entities to implement (apply) each of these measures ...

In this article, the author critically analyzes the "Proceedings of the Institute of Slavonic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" of 1932 edited by Academician N. Derzhavin. The author notes that the analyzed collection contains good scientific articles, as well as propaganda articles, which are unacceptable for a purely scientific publication. In particular, the author notes the thesis of the Russian scholar N. Derzhavin on the political nature of science, on the need to consider the past through the prism of class struggle. S. Narizhny pays special attention to the analysis of the works of Ukrainian researchers, first of all V. Peretz and M. Hrushevsky, and also singles out the articles published in Ukrainian in the Russian journal. At the same time, the analysis of Hrushevsky's article on the chronicle of Samovydets is the most thorough in the article. Thus, this article is of interest for the history of Ukrainian Slavic studies and the intellectual history of Ukrainian emigration in interwar Europe.

The article is devoted to the analysis of some problematic questions related to deficient legislative regulation of statement (report) of criminal offense and its evidential materials submission procedure. A comparison with the statement (report) of criminal offense submission at the stage of initiation of criminal proceedings under the Criminal procedural code of Ukraine 1960 has been conducted. The author cites examples of judicial practice, when objects and documents submitted during applying of statement (report) of criminal offense were admitted as evidence and used for confirm of the defendant's guilt. The author gives his own vision of procedural form of evidence representation in criminal proceedings at the stage of statement (report) of criminal offense submission. Based on results of the poll of law enforcement officers the author proposed to draw up the fact and results of evidential materials representation by a protocol of objects (documents) acceptance. Corresponding changes and amendments to the Criminal procedural code of Ukraine have been proposed.

The problematic questions related to the representation of operatively-search activity materials to the pre-trial investigation are analyzed in the article. The author accentuates the absence of legal regulation of the procedure for representation of operatively-search activity materials in the legislative acts of Ukraine. States that the materials represented by operatively-search departments can be used in criminal procedure proving as documents or material evidences. Based on this research the author proposes to introduce the amendments to the Criminal procedural code of Ukraine and to the Law about operatively-search activity.

Based on the analysis of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, the author has established the relationship between the general principles of criminal proceedings and some provisions of the Basic Law of Ukraine. According to the results of the analysis of the provisions of criminal procedural legislation and regulatory acts regulating the activities of experts in case of their involvement in criminal proceedings, it has been determined that the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine does not contain an exhaustive list of principles of applying special knowledge of experts, however some of them are defined as the principles of forensic activities in the Law of Ukraine "On Forensic Examination". For the first time, the author has determined the very general principles of criminal proceedings define the activity of experts in criminal proceedings. The author has singled out two components in the studied category: legal and organizational ones. The author has determined what should be understood as the legal principles for the use of special knowledge of experts while investigating murders, as well as their list. It has been established that the concept of organizational principles includes procedural features of involving experts. The author has provided a brief description of the principles of forensic activity, defined in the Law of Ukraine "On Forensic Examination". The author has suggested provisions that should supplement this Law. Besides, the author has provided examples on how the implementation of the principles established by the legislator is ensured. It has been established that the purpose of involving an expert in criminal proceedings is to clarify the circumstances relevant to criminal proceedings, for the solution of which special knowledge is required. The author has substantiated the provisions, according to which the involvement of an expert in criminal proceedings requires the existence of two grounds: legal and factual, the content of which is revealed in the provisions of the article. The formulated conclusions are theoretical categories that determine the direction and content of the activities of experts and law enforcement officers in case of the application of special knowledge in criminal proceedings, in particular during the investigation of murders. The practical significance of the obtained results is to ensure a prompt, complete and impartial investigation and is one of the guarantees of the tasks of criminal proceedings. ; В статье определены и проанализированы принципы использования специальных знаний экспертов при расследовании убийств. Осуществлен анализ положений уголовного процессуального законодательства и других нормативно-правовых актов, регламентирующих деятельность экспертов. Установлено, что определение принципов использования специальных знаний экспертов, применяемых при расследовании убийств, предполагает исследование нормативно-правовых актов, регламентирующих деятельность указанных субъектов. Соблюдение этих принципов обеспечивается благодаря регламентации прав и обязанностей экспертов и зависит от непосредственной формы использования этих специальных знаний. ; У статті здійснено аналіз положень Кримінального процесуального кодексу України та інших нормативно-правових актів, що регламентують діяльність експертів. Визначено та проаналізовано засади використання спеціальних знань експертів під час розслідування вбивств. Встановлено, що визначення засад використання спеціальних знань експертів, що застосовуються під час розслідування вбивств, передбачають аналіз положень нормативно-правових актів, які регламентують діяльність указаних суб'єктів. Реалізація вказаних засад можлива за рахунок законодавчо закріплених прав та обов'язків експертів і залежить від безпосередньої форми використання спеціальних знань.

This article will address issues related to the translation of fiction as derivative works. The current legislation defines translation as a type of derivative work. Therefore, the translation is subject to copyright. All the features that are characteristic of any other copyright object are inherent in translation, i.e. the creative nature of labor and the objective form. To carry out actions aimed at translating a work of fiction from one language into another requires the application of the creative efforts of the translator. A technical (interlinear) translation will not be subject to copyright as it does not reflect the artistic intent of the original author. The main task of the translator, in our opinion, is to convey as much as possible the artistic message that the author of the original work wanted to convey to the reader. If the translator allows the text of the original author to be changed, distorts the images of the work, then the personal non-property rights of the author of the original work are violated. Any literary work of fiction created by the author must convey to the reader thoughts, images that allow the audience to understand the intention of the original subject of copyright. Moreover, translations are protected on an equal basis with the original works, without prejudice to the rights of the author (paragraph 3 of article 2 of the Berne Convention), but the translator must respect the rights of the author of the original work. The article also indicates that the translation of a work of art in the classification of types of translations takes place as authorized and author's. This article will reveal the main features of translation as a derived literary work. ; У статті розглянуті питання, що стосуються перекладу художньої літератури як похідних творів. Чинне законодавство визначає переклад як вид похідного твору. Отже, переклад є об'єктом авторського права. Перекладу властиві всі ознаки, які характерні для будь-якого іншого об'єкта авторського права (творчий характер праці й об'єктивна форма). Для вчинення дій, спрямованих на переклад художнього твору з однієї мови іншою, потрібні творчі зусилля перекладача. Технічний (підрядковий) переклад не буде є об'єктом авторського права, тому що він не відображає художнього задуму первісного автора. Основним завданням перекладача, на нашу думку, є максимальна передача читачу того художнього посилу, що хотів донести автор первісного твору. Якщо перекладач допускає зміну текступервісного автора, спотворює образи твору, тим самим порушуються особисті немайнові права автора первісного твору. Будь-який літературний художній твір, створений автором, має донести до читача думки, образи, які дадуть змогу аудиторії зрозуміти задум первісного суб'єкта авторського права. Крім того, переклади охороняються нарівні з оригінальними творами, без шкоди правам автора (п. 3 ст. 2 Бернської конвенції), але при цьому перекладач має зважати на права автора оригінального твору. Також у статті вказується, що переклад художнього твору в класифікації видів перекладів позначається як авторизований і авторський. Стаття розкриває основні особливості перекладу як похідного літературного твору.

The author of the article considers the problems of creation and improvement of the means of individual armor protection of soldiers in combat during the conduct of the anti-terrorist operation in the East of Ukraine in 2014 - 2017. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the creation and improvement of the main element of armor protection of a serviceman - a bulletproof vest. At the same time, it draws attention to the creation of the main components and materials of which body armor is made.While revealing this process in complex, the author pay attention to the difficult situation in Ukraine, especially at the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation. The fact that the process of creation and improvement of the domestic bulletproof vest in 2014 - 2017 noted a fierce competitive struggle between manufacturers for the market of their products. TEMP-3000 LLC won this fight.The author draws attention to the fact that in the first year of conducting an anti-terrorist operation to provide military personnel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, who participated in it, often received bulletproof vests with low protective properties. Only a principled approach to the assessment of their quality by the control laboratories of the I. Chernyakhovsky National University and the Central Research Institute of Arms and Military Equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine did not allow to accept them into service. Pointing to this, the author, however, confirms that such facts occurred, mainly, in the first year of conducting an anti-terrorist operation in the east of Ukraine under conditions of acute shortage in these funds.In specific examples, the author shows that significant progress has been made in the development of PPE during the anti-terrorist operation. Comparing the samples of body armor during the beginning and end of the anti-terrorist operation, the author emphasizes that in many ergonomic, operational and protective characteristics they were not inferior to the world standards, and in some respects exceeded them.Analyzing the process of creating individual armor protection in the period of ATO in 2014 - 2017, the author concludes that the most promising is "highly specialized" bulletproof vests, designed to solve combat tasks in specific conditions, with different levels of protection by zones, area and mass, with different options. ; У статті розглянуті проблеми створення та вдосконалення засобів інди­відуального броньового захисту воїнів в бою в період проведення Антитеро­ристичної операції на Сході України в 2014 – 2017 рр. При цьому основна увага приділяється створенню та вдосконаленню вітчизняних засобів захисту і, перш за все, бронежилетів та бронешоломів, а також компонентів та матеріалів, з яких вони виготовляються. Автор підкреслює, що за цей період у розвитку засобів індивідуального броньового захисту було досягнуто значного прогресу. Якщо на початку Антитерористичної операції вітчизняні засоби індивідуаль­ного броньового захисту за деякими характеристиками поступалися кращим світовим зразкам, то в кінці операції стали на рівні, а за деякими параметрами навіть вийшли вперед.

The author of the article considers the problems of creation and improvement of the means of individual armor protection of soldiers in combat during the conduct of the anti-terrorist operation in the East of Ukraine in 2014 - 2017. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the creation and improvement of the main element of armor protection of a serviceman - a bulletproof vest. At the same time, it draws attention to the creation of the main components and materials of which body armor is made.While revealing this process in complex, the author pay attention to the difficult situation in Ukraine, especially at the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation. The fact that the process of creation and improvement of the domestic bulletproof vest in 2014 - 2017 noted a fierce competitive struggle between manufacturers for the market of their products. TEMP-3000 LLC won this fight.The author draws attention to the fact that in the first year of conducting an anti-terrorist operation to provide military personnel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, who participated in it, often received bulletproof vests with low protective properties. Only a principled approach to the assessment of their quality by the control laboratories of the I. Chernyakhovsky National University and the Central Research Institute of Arms and Military Equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine did not allow to accept them into service. Pointing to this, the author, however, confirms that such facts occurred, mainly, in the first year of conducting an anti-terrorist operation in the east of Ukraine under conditions of acute shortage in these funds.In specific examples, the author shows that significant progress has been made in the development of PPE during the anti-terrorist operation. Comparing the samples of body armor during the beginning and end of the anti-terrorist operation, the author emphasizes that in many ergonomic, operational and protective characteristics they were not inferior to the world standards, and in some respects exceeded them.Analyzing the process of creating individual armor protection in the period of ATO in 2014 - 2017, the author concludes that the most promising is "highly specialized" bulletproof vests, designed to solve combat tasks in specific conditions, with different levels of protection by zones, area and mass, with different options. ; У статті розглянуті проблеми створення та вдосконалення засобів інди­відуального броньового захисту воїнів в бою в період проведення Антитеро­ристичної операції на Сході України в 2014 – 2017 рр. При цьому основна увага приділяється створенню та вдосконаленню вітчизняних засобів захисту і, перш за все, бронежилетів та бронешоломів, а також компонентів та матеріалів, з яких вони виготовляються. Автор підкреслює, що за цей період у розвитку засобів індивідуального броньового захисту було досягнуто значного прогресу. Якщо на початку Антитерористичної операції вітчизняні засоби індивідуаль­ного броньового захисту за деякими характеристиками поступалися кращим світовим зразкам, то в кінці операції стали на рівні, а за деякими параметрами навіть вийшли вперед.

The article is focused on defining the essence and content of legal settlement and tax amnesty. The main features and areas of applying legal settlement in various fields of law have been studied. The legal principles of reaching a legal settlement in civil, labor, tax and criminal procedural law have been studied. The author has suggested own definition of a legal settlement. The content of a legal settlement has been defined as the achievement of mutual concessions of the parties within the legal norms. The main features, procedure and grounds for tax amnesty have been determined. The author has provided specific measures that can be taken under the tax amnesty. The procedure for legalization of funds and release of the perpetrator of violations of tax legislation from legal liability under the tax amnesty has been highlighted. The author has presented conclusions of researchers who studied the practice of tax amnesty in different countries. The author has suggested own definition of tax amnesty. ; Статья посвящена определению сущности и содержания правового компромисса и налоговой амнистии. Изучены сферы применения правового компромисса в различных отраслях права. Определены основные признаки, порядок и основания применения налоговой амнистии. Приведены конкретные меры, которые могут быть приняты в порядке налоговой амнистии. ; Статтю присвячено визначенню сутності і змісту правового компромісу та податкової амністії. Вивчено сфери застосування правового компромісу в різних галузях права. Визначено основні ознаки, порядок і підстави застосування податкової амністії. Наведено конкретні заходи, які можуть бути вжиті в порядку податкової амністії.

In this article, the author argues with the Polish press about the 350th anniversary of the Lublin Union, which was celebrated in Poland in 1919. In contrast to the Polish press, the author emphasizes that 1) the Act of the Lublin Union was not a voluntary union of Poland and Lithuania, it was an act of Polish violence against Lithuania; 2) Ukrainian lands became part of the Polish Kingdom not voluntarily, but forcibly annexed by the King of Poland; 3) The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not a democratic country, as in other countries of Europe at that time, only the Polish nobility had full political rights. The common people remained completely powerless.

The author's research is devoted to the concept of «the best interests of the child» as the main legal category used in cases concerning children. The author analyzes the provisions of international regulations and legislative acts of Ukraine, which enshrine the principle of the best interests of the child. In particular, the provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Family Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Childhood Protection." The author turned to scientific approaches to defining the concept of the best (the highest) interests of the child and gave an explanation to several leading scientists. Much of the article is devoted to the judicial interpretation of the concept of the best interests of the child, namely the approaches of the European Court of Human Rights. The author analyzes the approaches to defining the concept of best interests in decisions on the cases of M.S. v. Ukraine, Hunt v. Ukraine, Savina v. Ukraine and Mamchur v. Ukraine. The article highlights the categories of cases in which Ukrainian courts most often refer to the principle of the best interests of the child, and in which this principle is decisive. The author highlights the approaches of the Supreme Court to define the best interests of the child in family cases considered during 2018-2020. In the conclusions, the author provides her generalizations on the researched issues and suggests ways to improve the current legislation. In particular, the author proposed to supplement Art. I of the Law of Ukraine "On Childhood Protection" by defining the concept of "the best interests of the child". According to the author, consolidating the definition of this concept at the legislative level will have a positive impact on law enforcement in general and judicial practice in particular. In addition, the author proposes to avoid the use of the concept of "the highest interests of the child" and to use the concept of "the best interests of the child", which is provided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. ; Дослідження автора присвячено поняттю «найкращі інтереси дитини» як основній правовій категорії, що застосовується у розгляді справ щодо дітей. Автором проаналізовані положення міжнародних нормативно-правових актів і законодавчих актів України, які закріплюють принцип дотримання найкращих інтересів дитини. Зокрема, норми Конвенції ООН «Про права дитини», Сімейного кодексу України та Закону України «Про охорону дитинства». Автор звернувся до наукових підходів до визначення поняття найкращих (найвищих) інтересів дитини та навів тлумачення декількох провідних вчених. Значна частина статті присвячена судовому тлумаченню досліджуваного поняття, а саме практиці Європейського суду з прав людини. Автором проаналізовані підходи до визначення поняття найкращих інтересів у рішеннях по справах «М.С. проти України», «Хант проти України», «Савіни проти України» та «Мамчур проти України». У статті виокремлені категорії справ, у яких українські суди найбільш часто звертаються до принципу дотримання найкращих інтересів дитини й у яких цей принцип є визначальним. Виділені підходи Верховного Суду до визначення поняття найкращих інтересів дитини, проаналізовані рішення Верховного Суду у сімейних спорах, ухвалені протягом 2018-2020 рр. У висновках автор наводить свої узагальнення щодо дослідженої проблематики та пропонує шляхи вдосконалення чинного законодавства. Зокрема, запропоновано доповнити ст. 1 Закону України «Про охорону дитинства» визначенням поняття «найкращі інтереси дитини». На думку автора, закріплення визначення цього поняття на законодавчому рівні матиме позитивний вплив на правозастосування загалом і судову практику зокрема. Крім того, пропонується уникати вживання поняття «найвищі інтереси» та використовувати «найкращі інтереси дитини» (the best interests of the child), яке передбачено Конвенцією ОО про права дитини.

The author analyzed the changes in the legal regulation of the institution of one-time monetary compensation for infringement of copyright and (or) related rights. The legal nature of the new compensation, its significance for judicial protection of infringed copyright and related rights has been studied; the latest case law on the application of compensation and its calculation was studied and analyzed. The article focuses on the problematic aspects of determining and proving the amount of compensation. Conclusions are made about the imperfection of the new legislative provisions, their terminological and substantive shortcomings that create problems in practice. The author emphasizes that the "new" compensation should be considered as losses in the form of lost profits, which are recovered many times over. This indicates the presence of penalty elements of this sanction. The determination of the amount of compensation should be based on the principles of proving the amount of damages. For this reason, "new" compensation cannot perform the function of simplified protection of copyright and (or) related rights. Thus, it lost its original significance as an alternative method of protection. The author believes that the establishment of a multiple amount of compensation depending on the form of guilt of the offender is not inherent in the institution of civil liability. This approach requires the development of a clear design for intentional and negligent copyright or related infringement. The author argues that the lack of uniform understanding and application of the new category of compensation requires improvement of regulatory wording. The conclusions offer recommendations for resolving inconsistencies in regulations.