Suchergebnisse

In examining the question of the economic viability of a Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza, this paper demonstrates that economic viability, at acceptable levels of income and with reasonable prospects for further growth, is not only possible but necessary for underpinning a just and durable peace in the Middle East. The author discusses three substantial problems of adjustment in a post-settlement period (problems of demography, of non-renewable resources, and of economic structure) before proposing an economic development program to deal with them. (DÜI-Hns)

Accent Discrimination -- Affordable Care Act and Undocumented Immigrants -- African Immigrants -- Afro-Caribbean immigrants -- Alien and Sedition Acts -- Alien land laws -- Amerasians -- American Jewish Committee -- Anglo-conformity -- Anti-Irish Riots of 1844 -- Arab American intergroup relations -- Arab American stereotypes -- Arab immigrants -- Ashkenazic and German Jewish immigrants -- Asian American education -- Asian American Legal Defense Fund -- Asian American literature -- Asian American stereotypes -- Asian American women -- Asian Indian immigrants -- Asian Indian immigrants and family customs -- Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance -- Assimilation theories -- Au pairs -- Bangladeshi immigrants in the United States -- Bilingual education -- Bilingual Education Act of 1968 -- Border Patrol, U.S. -- Bracero program -- Brain Drain -- British as dominant group -- Burlingame Treaty -- Cable Act -- California gold rush -- Cambodian immigrants -- Canadian immigrants -- Celtic Irish -- Censuses, U.S. -- Chicano movement -- Chinatowns -- Chinese American Citizens Alliance -- Chinese detentions in New York -- Chinese Exclusion Act -- Chinese exclusion cases -- Chinese immigrants -- Chinese immigrants and California's gold rush -- Chinese immigrants and family customs -- Chinese Six Companies -- Citizenship -- Clotilde slave ship -- Coast Guard, U.S. -- Coolies -- Cuban immigrants -- Cuban immigrants and African Americans -- Cuban refugee policy -- Cultural pluralism -- Demographics of immigration -- Deportation -- Discrimination -- Domestic Abuse as a Protected Category (Asylum) -- Dominican immigrants -- The DREAM Act -- Eastern European Jewish immigrants -- English-only and official English movements -- Ethnic enclaves -- Euro-Americans -- European immigrant literature -- European immigrants, 1790-1892 -- European immigrants, 1892-1943 -- E-Verify Employment Verification System -- Family businesses -- Farmworkers' unions -- Federal riot of 1799 -- Filipino immigrants -- Filipino immigrants and family customs -- Florida illegal-immigrant suit -- Garment industry -- Gay Lesbian Transgender Immigrants and Asylum Seekers -- Generational acculturation -- Gentlemen's Agreement -- German and Irish immigration of the 1840's -- German immigrants -- González rescue -- Green cards -- Gypsy immigrants -- H-1B Visa -- Haitian boat people -- Haitian immigrants -- Hansen effect -- Hawaiian and Pacific islander immigrants -- Head money cases -- Helsinki Watch report on U.S. refugee policy -- History of U.S. immigration -- Hmong immigrants -- Homeland Security Department: 2003 -- Hull-House -- Human Smuggling (or HumanTrafficking) -- Illegal aliens -- Immigrant advantage -- Immigrants in sports -- Immigration Act of 1917 -- Immigration Act of 1921 -- Immigration Act of 1924 -- Immigration Act of 1943 -- Immigration Act of 1990 -- Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 -- Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 -- Immigration and Naturalization Service -- Immigration and Naturalization Service V. Chadha -- Immigration ?Crisis? -- Immigration in Film -- Immigration Law -- Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 -- Indentured Servitude -- Indigenous Superordination -- International Adoptions -- Iranian Immigrants -- Irish Immigrants -- Irish Immigrants and African Americans -- Irish Immigrants and Discrimination -- Irish Stereotypes -- Israeli Immigrants -- Italian Immigrants -- Jamaican Immigrants -- Jamestown Colony -- Japanese American Citizens League -- Japanese American Internment -- Japanese Immigrants -- Japanese Peruvians -- Japanese Segregation in California Schools -- Jewish Immigrants -- Jewish Settlement of New York -- Jews and Arab Americans -- Justice and Immigration -- Know-Nothing Party -- Korean Immigrants -- Korean Immigrants and Family Customs -- Ku Klux Klan -- Laotian Immigrants -- Latinos -- Latinos and Employment -- Latinos and Family Customs -- Lau v. Nichols -- League of United Latin American Citizens -- Literature -- Little Havana -- Little Italies -- Little Tokyos -- Machine Politics -- Mail-Order Brides -- Mariel Boatlift -- Medical Examination of Immigrants and Refugees -- Melting Pot -- Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund -- Mexican Deportations during the Depression -- Middle Eastern Immigrant Families -- Migrant Superordination -- Migration -- Model Minorities -- Mongrelization -- Muslims -- Nativism -- Naturalization -- Naturalization Act of 1790 -- Nguyen v. Immigration and Naturalization Service -- Nigerian Immigrants -- Operation Wetback -- Ozawa v. United States -- Page Law -- Pakistani Immigrants -- Palmer Raids -- Picture Brides -- Plyler v. Doe -- Polish Immigrants -- Proposition 187 -- Proposition 227 -- Push and Pull Factors -- Racial and Ethnic Demographic Trends -- Real ID Act -- Refugee Fatigue -- Refugee Relief Act of 1953 -- Refugees and Racial/Ethnic Relations -- Russian Immigrants -- Sacco and Vanzetti Trial -- Santería -- Scandinavian Immigrants -- Scotch-Irish immigrants -- The Secure Fence Act -- Sephardic Jews -- September 11 Terrorist Attacks -- Settlement House Movement -- Shadow Wolves (Native American INS Tracking Unit) -- Sikh Immigrants -- Southeast Asian Immigrants -- Soviet Jewish Immigrants -- Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act -- Taiwanese Immigrants -- Thai Garment Worker Enslavement -- Tibetan Immigrants -- Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire -- Twice Migrants -- Unaccompanied Children as Immigrants -- Undocumented Workers -- Universal Negro Improvement Association -- Vietnamese Immigrants -- Visas -- War Brides -- War Brides Act -- West Indian Immigrants -- White Ethnics -- Women Immigrants -- Wong Kim Ark Case -- Xenophobia -- "Yellow Peril" Campaign -- Zadvydas v. Davis -- U.S. State Briefs -- Bibliography -- Time Line of U.S. Immigration History -- Immigration Statistics -- Legal Permanent Residents -- Refugees and Asylees -- Naturalizations -- Nonimmigrant Admissions -- Enforcement Actions.

The earliest Africans in North America / Peter H. Wood -- Black pioneers : the Spanish-speaking Afroamericans of the Southwest / Jack D. Forbes -- Slave and free women of color in the Spanish ports of New Orleans, Mobile, and Pensacola / Virginia Meacham Gould -- Afro-Cubans in Tampa / Susan D. Greenbaum -- Excerpt from Pulling the muse from the drum / Adriìn Castro -- Excerpt from Racial integrity : a plea for the establishment of a chair of Negro history in our schools and colleges / Arturo Alfonso Schomburg -- The world of Arturo Alfonso Schomburg / Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof -- Invoking Arturo Schomburg's legacy in Philadelphia / Evelyne Laurent-Perrault -- Black Cuban, Black American / Evelio Grillo -- A Puerto Rican in New York and other sketches / Jesús Colón -- Melba Alvarado, El Club Cubano Inter-Americano, and the creation of Afro-Cubanidades in New York City / Nancy Raquel Mirabal -- An uneven playing field : Afro-Latinos in major league baseball / Adrian Burgos Jr -- Changing identities : an Afro-latino family portrait / Gabriel Haslip-Viera -- Eso era tremendo! an Afro-cuban musician remembers / Graciela Pérez Gutiérrez -- From "indianola" to "ño colá": the strange career of the Afro-Puerto Rican musician / Ruth Glasser -- Excerpt from cu/bop / Louis Reyes Rivera -- Bauzá-Gillespie-Latin/jazz : difference, modernity, and the black Caribbean / Jairo Moreno -- Contesting that damned mambo : Arsenio Rodríguez and the people of El Barrio and the Bronx in the 1950s / David F. García -- Boogaloo and Latin Soul / Juan Flores -- Excerpt from the salsa of Bethesda Fountain / Tato Laviera -- Hair conking; buy black / Carlos Cooks -- Carlos A. Cooks : Dominican Garveyite in Harlem / Pedro R. Rivera -- Down these mean streets / Piri Thomas -- African things / Victor Hernández Cruz -- Black notes and "you do something to me" / Sandra María Esteves -- Before people called me a spic, they called me a nigger / Pablo "Yoruba" Guzmìn -- Excerpt from Jíbaro, my pretty nigger / Felipe Luciano -- The Yoruba Orisha tradition comes to New York City / Marta Moreno Vega -- Reflections and lived experiences of Afro-Latin@ religiosity / Luis Barrios -- Discovering myself : un testimonio / Sherezada "Chiqui" Vicioso -- Excerpt from Dominicanish / Josefina Báez -- The Black Puerto Rican woman in contemporary American society / Angela Jorge -- Something Latino was up with us / Spring Redd -- Excerpt from Poem for my Grifa-rican sistah, or broken ends broken promises -- Mariposa (María Teresa Fernández) -- Latinegras : desired women--undesirable mothers, daughters, sisters, and wives / Marta I. Cruz-Janzen -- Letter to a friend / Nilaja Sun -- Uncovering mirrors : Afro-Latina lesbian subjects / Ana M. Lara -- The black bellybutton of a bongo / Marianela Medrano -- Notes on Eusebia Cosme and Juano Hernández / Miriam Jiménez Román -- Desde el mero medio : race discrimination within the Latino community / Carlos Flores -- Displaying identity : Dominicans in the Black mosaic of Washington, D.C. / Ginetta E. B. Candelario -- Bringing the soul : afros, black empowerment, and Lucecita Benítez / Yeidy M. Rivero -- Can BET make you Black? : remixing and reshaping Latin@s on Black Entertainment Television / Ejima Baker -- The Afro-Latino connection : can this group be the bridge to a broadbased Black-Hispanic alliance? / Alan Hughes and Milca Esdaille -- Ghettocentricity, blackness, and pan-latinidad / Raquel Z. Rivera -- Chicano rap roots : Afro-Mexico and black-brown cultural exchange / Pancho McFarland -- The rise and fall of reggaeton : from Daddy Yankee to Tego Calderón and beyond / Wayne Marshall -- Do plátanos go wit' collard greens? / David Lamb -- Divas don't yield / Sofia Quintero -- An Afro-Latina's quest for inclusion / Yvette Modestin -- Retracing migration : from Samaná to New York and back again / Ryan Mann-Hamilton -- Negotiating among invisibilities : tales of Afro-latinidades in the United States / Vielka Cecilia Hoy -- We are black too : experiences of a Honduran garifuna / Aida Lambert -- Profile of an Afro-latina : Black, Mexican, both / Mar"a Rosario Jackson -- Enrique Patterson : Black Cuban intellectual in Cuban Miami / Antonio Lyenpez -- Reflections about race by a negrito acomplejao / Eduardo Bonilla-Silva -- Divisible blackness : reflections on heterogeneity and racial identity / Silvio Torres-Saillant -- Nigger-Reecan blues / Willie Perdomo -- How race counts for Hispanic Americans / John R. Logan -- Bleach in the rainbow : Latino ethnicity and preference for whiteness / William A. Darity Jr., Jason Dietrich, and Darrick Hamilton -- Brown like me? / Ed Morales -- Against the myth of racial harmony in Puerto Rico / Afro-Puerto Rican Testimonies Project -- Mexican ways, African roots / Lisa Hoppenjans and Ted Richardson -- Afro-Latin@s and the Latino workplace / Tanya Katerí Hernández -- Racial politics in multiethnic America : Black and Latina/o identities and coalitions / Mark Sawyer -- Afro-Latinism in United States society : a commentary / James Jennings

The problem of theory in gerontology today / Vern L. Bengston, Norella M. Putney and Malcolm L. Johnson -- Ageing and changing : international historical perspectives on ageing / W. Andrew Achenbaum -- Global ageing : the demographic revolution in all cultures and societies / Alexandre Kalache, Sandhi Maria Barreto and Ingrid Keller -- The psychological science of human ageing / Paul B. Baltes, Alexandra M. Freund and Shu-Chen Li -- The biological science of human ageing / Thomas B.L. Kirkwood -- Biodemography and epidemiology of longevity / Bernard Jeune and Kaare Christensen -- The epidemiology of ageing / Christina Victor -- Patterns of illness and mortality across the adult lifespan / Edlira Gjonça and Michael Marmot -- Sensory impairment / Tom H. Margrain and Mike Boulton -- Mobility and falls / Rose Anne Kenny -- The genetics of behavioural ageing / Gerald E. McClearn and Stephen A. Petrill -- Psychodynamic approaches to the lifecourse and ageing / Simon Biggs -- Cultural approaches to the ageing body / Chris Gilleard -- Promoting health and wellbeing in later life / Hannes B. Staehelin -- Psychological approaches to human development / Jutta Heckhausen -- Cognitive changes across the lifespan / Pat Rabbitt -- Age-related changes in memory / Elizabeth A. Maylor -- Intelligence and wisdom / Robert J. Sternberg and Elena L. Grigorenko -- Everyday competence in older adults / K. Warner Schaie, Julie B. Boron and Sherry L. Willis -- The psychology of emotions and ageing / Gisela Labouvie-Vief -- Personality and ageing / Ursula M. Staudinger -- Depression / Amy Fiske and Randi S. Jones -- Dementia / Bob Woods -- Dementia in an Asian context / Jinzhou Tian -- Self and identity / Freya Dittmann-Kohli -- Stress and coping / Linda K. George -- Reminiscence : developmental, social and clinical perspectives / Peter G. Coleman -- The social worlds of old age / Jaber F. Gubrium -- Listening to the past : reminiscence and oral history / Joanna Bornat -- Elder abuse in developing nations / Lia Susana Daichman -- The self in dementia / Steven R. Sabat -- Ageism / Bill Bytheway -- Profiles of the oldest-old / Leonard W. Poon [and others] -- Images of ageing : cultural representations of later life / Mike Featherstone and Mike Hepworth -- Religion, spirituality, and older people / Alfons Marcoen -- Quality of life and ageing / Svein Olav Daatland -- The transformation of dying in old societies / Clive Seale -- The psychology of death / Robert A. Neimeyer and James L. Werth, Jr. -- Death and spirituality / Elizabeth MacKinlay -- Global ageing and challenges to families / Ariela Lowenstein -- Ageing parents and adult children : new perspectives on intergenerational relationships / Roseann Giarrusso [and others] -- Grandparenthood / Sarah Harper -- Sibling ties across time : the middle and later years / Ingrid Arnet Connidis -- Filial piety in changing Asian societies / Akiko Hashimoto and Charlotte Ikels -- Generational memory and family relationships / Claudine Attias-Donfut and François-Charles Wolff -- Family caregivers : increasing demands in the context of 21st-century globalization? / Neena L. Chappell and Margaret J. Penning -- Network dynamics in later life / Fleur Thomése [and others] -- Changing family relationships in developing nations / Isabella Aboderin -- Ethnic diversity in ageing, multicultural societies / James S. Jackson [and others] -- Gay and lesbian elders / Katherine R. Allen -- The lifecourse perspective on ageing : linked lives, timing and history / Vern L. Bengston, Glen H. Elder Jr. and Norella M. Putney -- The political economy of old age / Chris Phillipson -- Moral economy and ageing / Jon Hendricks -- Generational changes and generational equity / Martin Kohli -- Gender dimensions of the age shift / Sara Arber and Jay Ginn -- Migration and older people / Charles F. Longino Jr. and Anthony M. Warnes -- Do longevity and health generate wealth? / Robert N. Butler -- Women, ageing and inequality : a feminist perspective / Carroll L. Estes -- The social construction of old age as a problem / Malcolm L. Johnson -- Restructuring the lifecourse : work and retirement / Victor W. Marshall and Philip Taylor -- Ethical dilemmas in old age care / Harry R. Moody -- Wealth, health, and ageing : the multiple modern complexities of financial gerontology / Neal E. Cutler -- Formal and informal community care for older adults / Demi Patsios and Adam Davey -- Health policy and old age : an international review / Jill Quadagno, Jennifer Reid Keene and Debra Street -- Gerontological nursing : the state of the art / Brendan McCormack -- Delivering effective social/long term care to older people / Bleddyn Davies -- Delivering care to older people at home / Kristina Larsson, Merril Silverstein and Mats Thorslund -- Long term care / Robert L. Kane and Rosalie A. Kane -- Managed care in the United States and United Kingdom / Robert L. Kane and Clive E. Bowman -- Healthcare rationing : is age a proper criterion? / Ruud Ter Meulen and Josy Ubachs-Moust -- Adaptation to new technologies / Neil Charness and Sara J. Czaja -- Ageing and public policy in ethnically diverse societies / Fernando M. Torres-Gil

As I (re)write this, May (first 2020, now 2021) edges into another June, and pockets of our planet remain in some stage of phased waves of enforced seclusion—alone, together—just as others inch or bound into reemergence. I dialogue, Kinch, an exhibition that dances with James Joyce's Ulysses, was to have opened around this time last year, on Bloomsday, but instead remained airborne as particle matter till now, due to a virus that also spreads by aerosol transmission (and where certain sounds, when spoken, are more likely to carry quantities of virus particles) . Strange new media, face masks continue to implore us to take care when sculpting air into sound. Though some hundred years older, Ulysses speaks through air-oriented registers, too: literary mass carved from upswells and emanations of "wavespeech" telegraphed into language(s) sung, spoken, silent. An amalgam of English, Italian, and Latin, alongside invented phonetic code of his own, its shifting aural mix echoes the Joyce family's own migrations and multi-tongue parlance at home. (Triestine Italian was his danc- er-choreographer daughter Lucia's first language, and Joyce's language of choice, for it was "easier on the voice".) I wonder if this condition of suspension and long gestation that I dialogue, Kinch has tangoed with mid-crossing, of its not 'landing' per se, would "howsomever" suit Joyce, whose own verbal strewing predisposes slippages, flow, and forces that "[contravene] material borders". In Ulysses, terra firma becomes tidal when treated by him, just as airs and tides monologue as if mouths themselves. "Seesoo, hrss, rsseeiss, ooos . speech ceases. It flows purling, widely flowing, floating foampool, flower unfurling." "Mouthed fleshless lips of air." "Muskperfumed." All matter is talkative in his cosmos. Certain works in I dialogue, Kinch tack around the book. Others tune in and transcribe its textures in tandem with Joyce's echolocational ear— amplified, no doubt, by a lifetime of worsening sight (note his eyepatch in Berenice Abbott's portraits), it drives a rhythmic feeling-for that moves us, episode to episode, wavelength to wavelength, across conversations, scenarios, and sites in Dublin. "Rhythm begins, you see. I hear." Enter Simon Popper's manuscript, Ulysses (2006), a reel-to-reel retranscription of Joyce's every word, reordered here in attenuated alphabetical arrangement like a heap of verbal playing cards. Absurd absurd absurdity ABU Abulafia abundance abundance abundance abundant abundant ABUNDANT . Haddington haddock haddock haddy Hades hadnt hadnt hadnt hadnt . Echoic ghostwriting (phonotation?) in spoken word affect, this text begs to be run as "soundmeat" through a voice. It even sits, on the page, like Joyce's protégé Samuel Beckett's 1972 monologue, Not I, staged in pitch-darkness save for an illumined mouth. Sadie Murdoch's commissioned works, saturate, "wet printed" black and white photographic montages, emit at different volume—dancing us by way of a muted daughter, Lucia, towards her author father. In H.C.N. (2021) (shorthand for 'Here Comes Nobody') and her Flush Poised series, Murdoch reperforms scant trace imagery, in its absentia, of Lucia's movement lexicon, best known to us in Berenice Abbott's 1926-7 portraits of her that Beckett treasured, hieroglyphic (voguish then) in fishtail chainmail. Triangulations in choreographic conversation occur, though, as Mur- doch migrates artist, poet, and similarly milieu'd scenester, Baro1ness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven, into Kindly, Kopper-Spangled Star (2021). (Elsa's Cast Iron Lover poem appeared in the same 1918 issue of The Little Review that inaugurated Ulysses' serialised instalments.) Other works brined by the book encompass Tim Berresheim's cryptic prints of rail tracks; Sonja Blum's clay vessels, Annus Mirabilis I and II (2019), with inky neo-Grecian biro inscriptions of "technological rush backwards"; Toby Christian's reconstituted pulped paper wall sculptures, where paper turns in on itself in textile thickness; Oskar Korsár's loose figural drawing on paper, with a seeing-eye breast; Agata Madejska's au- dio installation out of which redacted political speech—strung together, in Joycean tangle, from Donald Trump's occasional emotive utterances at the podium—rains phonetic into a cloth listening enclosure as grayscale as Abbott's photographs; Katarina Spielmann's high-colour impastoed plaster panels that grow, it seems, from below; Joel Tomlin's found-wood assemblages, Moons (2021) and Amphora (2021), each tinged with heraldic undertone; and the author's own language-'painted' face mask mouthpieces, of Joyce's words creolized with her own: choreographic objects to be spoken through. Exhibition text by Emma McCormick-Goodhart Originally June 1, 2020 | Reworked May 10, 2021

PurposeThe anecdote of this paper is to bring the aid effectiveness debate to the sub-national level using the change in night lights as an alternative measure of economic activity. We observe non-robustness of results regarding the effects of aid types on development in antecedent literature to arise due to the effects of aid being treated as a unitary component. provoked by such insightful observation and literature deficiency we employed geocoded data to examine Causal links between the varying types of aid and local economic development in Malawi.Design/methodology/approachThe main objective of the empirical examination is to examine the distributional effects of distinct aid types in local towns in Malawi. For that purpose, the authors thus have a panel dataset for each aid type indicator. Allowing for fixed time and town effects, the baseline light density growth regression model to estimate the effectiveness of disentangled aid on night light intensity was accomplished by employing a spatial dynamic panel data (SDPD) approach with instrumentation. Thus, panel regressions were performed to investigate both conceptual and policy implications.FindingsCross-city evidence shows that category aid type brings both negative and positive results depending on location within a country. There are cities and locations where certain aid type(s) does not matter whereas it matters most in some. This speaks to different levels of growth between different regions and cities in Malawi. As a result, we observe the size of the effect of distinct aid type(s) on economic activities to vary (increase/decrease) with the size of the location.Research limitations/implicationsIt may be interesting to generalize results from this study to a panel case over long periods of time using dynamic modelling with both threshold analysis and interaction effects Institutional factors need also to be includes in similar analyses. The authors leave this for a follow-up study. Second, the most immediate opportunity is application of the methodology to the other countries with geo-coded AidData. The authors expect to expand the analysis by taking into account other determinants of aid effectiveness at the local level, including the characteristics of donors and varieties of targeted development programmes.Practical implicationsResults in some geographical locations and towns indicate that the authors do not have sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis of the research study at 5% level. However, other geographical locations like Zomba indicate that aid category has a significant bearing on local economic growth. Therefore, as opposed to unitary aid approaches, we recommend distribution of relevant disentangled growth-enhancing aid type to specific administrative regions but with a bias toward smaller socially and economically deprived regions and towns.Social implicationsThe unique insight from this study is that foreign aid-growth benefits are symmetric and skewed toward large towns. If such unbalance aid-growth benefits anomalies are not addressed in a transparent manner it has the possibilities of promoting interregional migration which from Nielsenet al.(2011) and Findleyet al(2011)'s evidence might trigger regional tensions and violent armed conflicts. Thus, there is need for equitable distribution of social and economic developmental aid free from political or ethnic inclination but based on transparent needs assessment model(s). Locations where social and developmental aid types seem to have negative or no effect serves as a salient indicator of aid leakages due to rent seeking tendencies of bureaucrats or weak institutions which ultimately pose welfare burden on citizens.Originality/valueApart from contributing to the extant literature on aid and economic growth, this paper relates to at least three other strands of research. First, the work partially answers a call by Minoiu and Reddy (2010), Schmid (2013) and Khomba and Trew (2019) for researchers to examine the growth effects of distinct aid types on local economic development. Second, the increase in aid volumes to Africa and the worsening of economic conditions has been the subject of considerable interest amongst development economists (e.g. Ravenhill, 1990; Lancaster, 1999; Easterly, 2003; Bräutigam and Knack, 2004 and Collier, 2006). This makes the use of a major aid recipient developing economy (Malawi) as a laboratory an anecdote. Third, use of disaggregated as opposed to unitary aid data with an African flavour.

The social state is one of the key principles of the constitutional system of modern states. Although the issue of social statehood has been the subject of many interdisciplinary studies, it still remains relevant and causes scientific discussions both as a result of periodic revision of paradigms of state development as such and as a result of rapid globalization and regional integration. The decline of the social state has been repeatedly predicted. In this regard, it should be noted that in the process of discussing the state of the social state development should distinguish crisis myths from crisis realities, to identify probable trajectories of its development.The article is aimed at drawing researchers' attention to the transformation of the process of functioning of the welfare state in the context of European integration. It is undeniable that the economics of the EU member states are now almost out of the control of national governments, while the social consequences of this process - unemployment, migration - remain the subject of legal regulation of national states. Together with domestic and foreign researchers, the authors raise the topical question: will the introduction of the European social model lead to changes or even to the abolition of national models of social policy? Is social policy a priority of the European Union and to what extent does it depend on the EU's economic situation? Are the functions of the welfare state changing in the context of the country's membership in the European Union? Does the state retain its sovereignty by delegating its key functions to the EU? What are the consequences for individuals of changing the paradigm of the welfare state in an innovative economy conditions? ; Социальное государство является одним из ключевых принципов конституционного строя современных государств. Хотя проблематика социальной государственности была предметом многих междисциплинарных исследований, она до сих пор остается актуальной и вызывает оживленные научные дискуссии как в следствие периодического пересмотра парадигм развития государства как такового, так и в результате стремительного развития процессов глобализации и региональной интеграции. Упадок социального государства предрекали неоднократно. В этой связи следует отметить, что в процессе обсуждения состояния развития социального государства следует отличать кризисные мифы от кризисных реалий, выявлять возможные траектории ее развития.Статья призвана обратить внимание исследователей на трансформацию процесса функционирования социального государства в условиях европейской интеграции. Несомненным является тот факт, что экономики государств-членов ЕС на сегодня почти вышли из-под контроля национальных правительств, тогда как социальные последствия этого процесса – безработица, миграция – остаются предметом правового регулирования национальных правительств. Вместе с отечественными и зарубежными исследователями авторы поднимают актуальные вопросы: приведет ли к изменениям или даже отмене национальных моделей социальной политики создание Европейской социальной модели? Является ли социальная политика приоритетом Европейского Союза и насколько она зависит от экономического состояния ЕС? Изменяются ли функции социального государства в условиях членства страны в Европейском Союзе? Сохраняет ли свой суверенитет государство, делегируя ЕС реализацию своих ключевых функций? Какие последствия для индивидов имеет изменение парадигмы социального государства в условиях инновационной экономики? ; Соціальна держава є одним з ключових принципів конституційного устрою сучасних держав. Хоча проблематика соціальної державності була предметом багатьох міждисциплінарних досліджень, вона досі залишається актуальною і викликає жваві наукові дискусії як внаслідок періодичного перегляду парадигм розвитку держави як такої, так і внаслідок стрімкого розвитку процесів глобалізації і регіональної інтеграції. Занепад соціальної держави передрікали неодноразово. У цьому зв'язку слід зазначити, що в процесі обговорення стану розвитку соціальної держави слід відрізняти кризові міфи від кризових реалій, виявляти ймовірні траєкторії її розвитку.Стаття покликана звернути увагу дослідників на трансформацію процесу функціонування соціальної держави в умовах європейської інтеграції. Беззаперечним є той факт, що економіки держав-членів ЄС на сьогодні майже вийшли з-під контролю національних урядів, тоді як соціальні наслідки цього процесу – безробіття, міграція – залишаються предметом правового регулювання національних держав. Разом з вітчизняними і зарубіжними дослідниками авторка порушує актуальне питання: чи призведе до змін або навіть скасування національних моделей соціальної політики запровадження європейської соціальної моделі? Чи є соціальна політика пріоритетом Європейського Союзу і наскільки вона залежить від економічного стану ЄС? Чи зазнають змін функції соціальної держави в умовах членства країни в Європейському Союзі? Чи зберігає свій суверенітет держава, делегуючи для реалізації ЄС свої ключові функції? Які наслідки для індивідів має зміна парадигми соціальної держави в умовах інноваційної економіки?

The social state is one of the key principles of the constitutional system of modern states. Although the issue of social statehood has been the subject of many interdisciplinary studies, it still remains relevant and causes scientific discussions both as a result of periodic revision of paradigms of state development as such and as a result of rapid globalization and regional integration. The decline of the social state has been repeatedly predicted. In this regard, it should be noted that in the process of discussing the state of the social state development should distinguish crisis myths from crisis realities, to identify probable trajectories of its development.The article is aimed at drawing researchers' attention to the transformation of the process of functioning of the welfare state in the context of European integration. It is undeniable that the economics of the EU member states are now almost out of the control of national governments, while the social consequences of this process - unemployment, migration - remain the subject of legal regulation of national states. Together with domestic and foreign researchers, the authors raise the topical question: will the introduction of the European social model lead to changes or even to the abolition of national models of social policy? Is social policy a priority of the European Union and to what extent does it depend on the EU's economic situation? Are the functions of the welfare state changing in the context of the country's membership in the European Union? Does the state retain its sovereignty by delegating its key functions to the EU? What are the consequences for individuals of changing the paradigm of the welfare state in an innovative economy conditions? ; Социальное государство является одним из ключевых принципов конституционного строя современных государств. Хотя проблематика социальной государственности была предметом многих междисциплинарных исследований, она до сих пор остается актуальной и вызывает оживленные научные дискуссии как в следствие периодического пересмотра парадигм развития государства как такового, так и в результате стремительного развития процессов глобализации и региональной интеграции. Упадок социального государства предрекали неоднократно. В этой связи следует отметить, что в процессе обсуждения состояния развития социального государства следует отличать кризисные мифы от кризисных реалий, выявлять возможные траектории ее развития.Статья призвана обратить внимание исследователей на трансформацию процесса функционирования социального государства в условиях европейской интеграции. Несомненным является тот факт, что экономики государств-членов ЕС на сегодня почти вышли из-под контроля национальных правительств, тогда как социальные последствия этого процесса – безработица, миграция – остаются предметом правового регулирования национальных правительств. Вместе с отечественными и зарубежными исследователями авторы поднимают актуальные вопросы: приведет ли к изменениям или даже отмене национальных моделей социальной политики создание Европейской социальной модели? Является ли социальная политика приоритетом Европейского Союза и насколько она зависит от экономического состояния ЕС? Изменяются ли функции социального государства в условиях членства страны в Европейском Союзе? Сохраняет ли свой суверенитет государство, делегируя ЕС реализацию своих ключевых функций? Какие последствия для индивидов имеет изменение парадигмы социального государства в условиях инновационной экономики? ; Соціальна держава є одним з ключових принципів конституційного устрою сучасних держав. Хоча проблематика соціальної державності була предметом багатьох міждисциплінарних досліджень, вона досі залишається актуальною і викликає жваві наукові дискусії як внаслідок періодичного перегляду парадигм розвитку держави як такої, так і внаслідок стрімкого розвитку процесів глобалізації і регіональної інтеграції. Занепад соціальної держави передрікали неодноразово. У цьому зв'язку слід зазначити, що в процесі обговорення стану розвитку соціальної держави слід відрізняти кризові міфи від кризових реалій, виявляти ймовірні траєкторії її розвитку.Стаття покликана звернути увагу дослідників на трансформацію процесу функціонування соціальної держави в умовах європейської інтеграції. Беззаперечним є той факт, що економіки держав-членів ЄС на сьогодні майже вийшли з-під контролю національних урядів, тоді як соціальні наслідки цього процесу – безробіття, міграція – залишаються предметом правового регулювання національних держав. Разом з вітчизняними і зарубіжними дослідниками авторка порушує актуальне питання: чи призведе до змін або навіть скасування національних моделей соціальної політики запровадження європейської соціальної моделі? Чи є соціальна політика пріоритетом Європейського Союзу і наскільки вона залежить від економічного стану ЄС? Чи зазнають змін функції соціальної держави в умовах членства країни в Європейському Союзі? Чи зберігає свій суверенітет держава, делегуючи для реалізації ЄС свої ключові функції? Які наслідки для індивідів має зміна парадигми соціальної держави в умовах інноваційної економіки?

Соціальна держава є одним з ключових принципів конституційного устрою сучасних держав. Хоча проблематика соціальної державності була предметом багатьох міждисциплінарних досліджень, вона досі залишається актуальною і викликає жваві наукові дискусії як внаслідок періодичного перегляду парадигм розвитку держави як такої, так і внаслідок стрімкого розвитку процесів глобалізації і регіональної інтеграції. Занепад соціальної держави передрікали неодноразово. У цьому зв'язку слід зазначити, що в процесі обговорення стану розвитку соціальної держави слід відрізняти кризові міфи від кризових реалій, виявляти ймовірні траєкторії її розвитку.Стаття покликана звернути увагу дослідників на трансформацію процесу функціонування соціальної держави в умовах європейської інтеграції. Беззаперечним є той факт, що економіки держав-членів ЄС на сьогодні майже вийшли з-під контролю національних урядів, тоді як соціальні наслідки цього процесу – безробіття, міграція – залишаються предметом правового регулювання національних держав. Разом з вітчизняними і зарубіжними дослідниками авторка порушує актуальне питання: чи призведе до змін або навіть скасування національних моделей соціальної політики запровадження європейської соціальної моделі? Чи є соціальна політика пріоритетом Європейського Союзу і наскільки вона залежить від економічного стану ЄС? Чи зазнають змін функції соціальної держави в умовах членства країни в Європейському Союзі? Чи зберігає свій суверенітет держава, делегуючи для реалізації ЄС свої ключові функції? Які наслідки для індивідів має зміна парадигми соціальної держави в умовах інноваційної економіки? ; Социальное государство является одним из ключевых принципов конституционного строя современных государств. Хотя проблематика социальной государственности была предметом многих междисциплинарных исследований, она до сих пор остается актуальной и вызывает оживленные научные дискуссии как в следствие периодического пересмотра парадигм развития государства как такового, так и в результате стремительного развития процессов глобализации и региональной интеграции. Упадок социального государства предрекали неоднократно. В этой связи следует отметить, что в процессе обсуждения состояния развития социального государства следует отличать кризисные мифы от кризисных реалий, выявлять возможные траектории ее развития.Статья призвана обратить внимание исследователей на трансформацию процесса функционирования социального государства в условиях европейской интеграции. Несомненным является тот факт, что экономики государств-членов ЕС на сегодня почти вышли из-под контроля национальных правительств, тогда как социальные последствия этого процесса – безработица, миграция – остаются предметом правового регулирования национальных правительств. Вместе с отечественными и зарубежными исследователями авторы поднимают актуальные вопросы: приведет ли к изменениям или даже отмене национальных моделей социальной политики создание Европейской социальной модели? Является ли социальная политика приоритетом Европейского Союза и насколько она зависит от экономического состояния ЕС? Изменяются ли функции социального государства в условиях членства страны в Европейском Союзе? Сохраняет ли свой суверенитет государство, делегируя ЕС реализацию своих ключевых функций? Какие последствия для индивидов имеет изменение парадигмы социального государства в условиях инновационной экономики? ; The social state is one of the key principles of the constitutional system of modern states. Although the issue of social statehood has been the subject of many interdisciplinary studies, it still remains relevant and causes scientific discussions both as a result of periodic revision of paradigms of state development as such and as a result of rapid globalization and regional integration. The decline of the social state has been repeatedly predicted. In this regard, it should be noted that in the process of discussing the state of the social state development should distinguish crisis myths from crisis realities, to identify probable trajectories of its development.The article is aimed at drawing researchers' attention to the transformation of the process of functioning of the welfare state in the context of European integration. It is undeniable that the economics of the EU member states are now almost out of the control of national governments, while the social consequences of this process - unemployment, migration - remain the subject of legal regulation of national states. Together with domestic and foreign researchers, the authors raise the topical question: will the introduction of the European social model lead to changes or even to the abolition of national models of social policy? Is social policy a priority of the European Union and to what extent does it depend on the EU's economic situation? Are the functions of the welfare state changing in the context of the country's membership in the European Union? Does the state retain its sovereignty by delegating its key functions to the EU? What are the consequences for individuals of changing the paradigm of the welfare state in an innovative economy conditions?

Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die natürliche Struktur eines religiösen Glaubens und dessen verworrene Identität im städtischen Zusammenhang mit einer anthropologischen Sicht zu untersuchen. Der derzeitige Fokus meiner Arbeit liegt auf der öffentlichen Darstellung der rituellen Praktiken der in die Städte Eingewanderten, was im Gegensatz zur sozialen Struktur und Führerschaft steht, die von regionalen Glaubensexperten gewährleistet werden, die als Dede bekannt sind. Seit die Aleviten in den 1950er Jahren massenweise aus ländlichen Gebieten in türkische Metropolen wie Istanbul eingewandert sind, hat sich die alevitische Identität in ein Labyrinth der sozio-politischen Hindernisse verwandelt. Der alevitische Glaube verliert aufgrund des Drucks sowohl vonseiten der Staatsmacht als auch der sunnitischen Gemeinschaften, sowie der Herangehensweise der alevitischen Vereine seinen angestammten Platz. Die alevitische Gesellschaft verliert die natürliche Umgebung, an die ihre Glauben geknüpft sind, ihr klanbezogenes Gemeinschaftsnetzwerk (Ocak), ihr Vertrauen in heilige ländliche Anführer, ihre spirituelle Geisteshaltung und Motivationen und ihre einzigartigen Wege Streitigkeiten untereinander zu lösen. Diese Arbeit legt die standardisierten Cem-Rituale und dessen Musikrepertoire und gleichzeitig durch Untersuchung der Elemente des in folkloristische Form gebrachten heiligen Tanzes (Semah) die theatralischen Seiten der städtischen Cem-Rituale dar. Außerdem beinhaltet sie eine kritische Analyse der Cem-Rituale. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurde versucht die anderen Gründe zu verstehen, die dazu geführt haben, dass die alevitische Identität eine verworrene Form angenommen hat. Hierbei haben manche veröffentlichte Artikel in Bezug auf die alevitische Gesellschaft, Begriffe wie "heterodox" und "synkretistisch", die während der Definition des Alevitentums in dieser Art von Artikeln verwendet werden, die Hassreden und die Diskriminierung, die der alevitischen Gesellschaft entgegengebracht werden sowie die Islamophobie, die überall auf der Welt zu sehen ist, eine Rolle darin gespielt, dass die alevitische Identität einen verworrenen Zustand angenommen hat. Die Methode dieser Arbeit beinhaltet die ethnographische Forschungsmethode, die mehrheitlich qualitativ ist. In diesem Sinne wurden die Cem-Rituale in Istanbul durch Teilnahme beobachtet und währenddessen Informationen durch formelle und informelle Gesprächstechniken erlangt. ; This paper's main goal is to examine the nature of a religious belief and its entangled identity in an urban context from an anthropological perspective. My work's current focus is that the ritual practices of urban immigrants are displayed in the public space, unlike the social structure and guidance provided by a local religious expert known as a dede. Since the 1950s mass migration of Alevis from rural regions to the Turkish metropolises, such as Istanbul, the Alevi identity has been transformed into a labyrinth of socio-political obstacles and has been losing its place due to the pressures of both the state power and the Sunni and Alevi institutions. They have been losing the space that their belief attached, the clan-related (ocak) community network system, the reliance on rural divine leaders, their spiritual moods and motivations, the unique means of resolving community conflicts. The paper includes a standardized ritual and music repertoire, the revision of folklorized sacred dance (semah) elements, and a critical analysis of what can be seen as the theatrical aspects of urban cem. The second part of this paper is to understand other reasons why Alevi identity has become entangled. Certain writings about Alevis and using concepts about Alevism, such as heterodox and syncretic, ongoing hate speech and discrimination waged against them, Islamophobia seen worldwide, have played a role in the entangled identity of Alevis. We used the ethnography research method, which is mostly qualitative. It involves participatory observation of cem rituals in Istanbul, and obtaining information through informal and formal interview techniques used during observations. ; Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, dinsel bir inancın doğal yapısını ve onun dolaşmış kimliğini kentsel bağlamda antropolojik bir bakış açısıyla incelemektir. Çalışmamın şu anki odak noktası, dede olarak bilinen yerel inanç uzmanı tarafından sağlanan sosyal yapı ve rehberliğin aksine olarak kentsel göçmenlerin ritüel uygulamalarının kamusal alanda gösterilmesidir. 1950'li yıllarda Alevilerin kırsal bölgelerden İstanbul gibi Türk metropollerine kitlesel olarak göç etmesinden bu yana, Alevi kimliği sosyo-politik engellerin bir labirentine dönüştü. Alevi inancı hem devlet iktidarının hem de Sünni toplulukların baskıları ve Alevi derneklerinin yaklaşımları nedeniyle var olduğu yeri kaybediyor. Alevi toplumu inançlarının bağlı olduğu doğal alanı, klanla ilgili (ocak) topluluk ağı sistemini, kutsal kırsal liderlere olan güveni, manevi ruh hallerini ve motivasyonlarını, topluluk çatışmalarını kendi içinde çözmenin eşsiz yollarını kaybediyor. Bu çalışma, standartlaştırılmış olan cem ritüelleri ve ritüelin müzik repertuvarı ve aynı zamanda folklorize edilmiş kutsal dans (semah) öğelerinin gözden geçirilmesi ile kentsel cem ritüellerinin teatral yönlerini ortaya koymakta ve cem rituellerinin eleştirel bir analizini içermektedir. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmında ise, Alevi kimliğinin dolaşık hale gelmesinin diğer nedenleri anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu noktada Alevi toplumu ile ilgili yayınlanan kimi yazılar, bu tür yazılarda Aleviliğin tanımlanması sırasında kullanılan heterodoks ve senkretik gibi kavramlar, Alevi toplumuna karşı süregelen nefret söylemi ve ayrımcılık ve ayrıca dünya genelinde görülen İslamofobi, Alevi kimliğinin dolaşık hale gelmesinde rol oynamıştır. Bu çalışmanın yöntemi, çoğunlukla nitel olan etnografya araştırma yöntemini içermektedir. Bu doğrultuda, İstanbul'daki cem ritüelleri katılımlı olarak gözlemlenmiş ve katılımlı gözlem sırasında bilgiler resmi ve olmayan görüşme teknikleri ile elde edilmiştir.

Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika (MENA) Bölgesi'nin bir parçası olarak Kuzey Afrika Avrupa'nın yakın çevresidir ve dolayısıyla Avrupa güvenliği için stratejik öneme sahiptir. Akdeniz Afrikası, Avrupa Birliği (AB) için daha çok ticari ve ekonomik olarak önemli bir rol oynamaktayken Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde göç, terör, enerji güvenliği ve başarısız devlet konuları bölgenin başlıca güvenlik sorunları haline gelmiştir. 2010/11'de Kuzey Afrika'da başlayan Arap Baharı olayları, bu olayların sonuçları ve sonrası açısından Avrupa güvenliğini ve bölgedeki diğer önemli çıkarları ciddi bir şekilde tehdit eden sorunlu bir dönüşüm sürecini tetiklemiştir. Bu durum; başta Rusya ve Çin olmak üzere Kuzey Afrika'da yükselen güçlerin hızla genişleyen rolüyle birleşip, bölgede ABD ve AB'nin kendi aralarında dikkate değer etkileşim ve işbirliğine rağmen bölge mimarisini yeniden tasarlama konusunda bir rekabet yaşadıkları çok kutuplu yeni bir bölgesel oluşumu beslemektedir. Bunun bir sonucu olarak, Arap Baharı'nın başlamasından sonraki yıllar Birliğin bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için aldığı dış politika pozisyonunda görüleceği üzere hayatta kalma konusunu önüne daha fazla çıkarmıştır. Bir denge arayışı içinde olan AB, Akdeniz'in güneyinde statükosunu korumaya ve bölgede hayatta kalmaya çalışmakta ama aynı zamanda bölge üzerindeki hegemonik idealleri konusunda tereddüt etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma, sistemik bir teoriyi, tam adıyla savunmacı neorealizmi, AB'nin yıllar içinde uluslararası sistemik baskı altında bölgesel çıkarları, mücadeleleri ve gelecekteki hedeflerini güç hesaplamaları ve gelecekteki niyetlerine dayanarak Kuzey Afrika dış politikasına uygulamayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışma, AB'nin güneyinde kendi güvenliğini nasıl ve ne ölçüde arttırıp arttırmadığını araştırmaktadır. Çalışma, AB'nin Kuzey Afrika'daki en büyük amacının bütünsel bir yaklaşımla "güç dengesi" ve "tehdit dengesi" vasıtasıyla çeşitli dengeleme mekanizmaları kullanarak güvenliğini artıracak düzenleme ve politikalar oluşturmak olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Çalışmanın yöntemi, AB'nin bölgedeki ampirik olarak gözlemlenebilir davranışının bir teorinin (savunmacı neorealizm) belirli bir vakaya (AB'nin Kuzey Afrika ile ilişkileri) uygulanarak açıklanmasıdır. Bu çalışma, AB'nin dış politika davranışı ve savunmacı neorealist varsayımların esas olarak eşleştiğini göstermiştir. Çalışma, AB'nin güneyindeki güvenlik çıkarlarını ve tehditlerini bölgeye karşı savunmacı ve yumuşak güç projeksiyonu tutumu göstererek dengelediğini önermektedir. --- North Africa, part of the MENA region, is Europe's immediate neighborhood, hence is of strategic importance for European security. While Mediterranean Africa plays an important role in trade and economic issues for the European Union (EU); migration, terrorism, energy security and state failure have become the main security problems of the region throughout the post-Cold War era. The Arab Spring events of 2010/11 have triggered a troubled transformation process in North Africa, where the consequences and aftermath of the events seriously threatened European security and other important interests in the region. This has coupled with the rapidly expanding role of new rising powers, Russia and China in particular, fostering a new multipolar regional context in North Africa where the US and the EU have already had a competition in redesigning the architecture of the region, notwithstanding the considerable interaction and cooperation between the two. As a consequence, the years after the start of the Arab Spring has brought the survival issue to the fore of the Union ever more, evident in its foreign policy position to overcome these challenges. In search of balance, the EU has persistently sought to preserve its status quo in its Mediterranean South, seeking to survive, at the same time hesitant about its hegemonic ideals over the region. On these premises, this study aims to apply a systemic theory, namely defensive neorealism on the EU's foreign policy behavior in North Africa by examining its interests, challenges and aims toward the region over years, based on power calculations and future intentions under the international systemic pressure. It seeks to determine whether and to what extent the EU builds up and maximizes its security in its southern periphery. The study claims that the supreme aim of the EU in North Africa is to create arrangements fostering security through various balancing mechanisms, namely "balance of power" and "balance of threat" brought together in a joined-up approach. In retrospect, the method of the study is the application of a theory (defensive neorealism) to a specific case (the case of the EU's relations with North Africa) to investigate how the empirically observable behavior of the EU in the region can be explained through this theoretical lens. This study has shown that the EU's behavior and defensive neorealist assumptions mainly match. It suggests that the EU has taken a defensive and soft power-projection attitude into the region; hence balancing its security interests and threats in its south.

Programa de Doctorado de Historia de la práctica de los ejercicios espirituales de San Ignacio ; El fenómeno del desplazamiento forzado y la migración se ha convertido en uno de los temas más apremiantes para la Iglesia de hoy, desafiando como la Iglesia entiende su "catolicidad" o universalidad como pueblo de Dios, y desafiándola a buscar maneras de incorporar la experiencia de las personas en movimiento en las vidas de sus comunidades de fe existentes y discernir su contribución específica a la identidad, naturaleza y esencia de la Iglesia. El desplazamiento forzado también desafía a la Iglesia a brindar la mejor atención espiritual posible a los desplazados. Desafortunadamente, mientras que las organizaciones gubernamentales, religiosas y caritativas se han esforzado por responder a las necesidades físicas, materiales, psicológicas y emocionales de los sobrevivientes de desplazamientos forzados, en general, se les ha ofrecido muy poco en las áreas pastoral y espiritual. Utilizando las premisas mencionadas anteriormente, esta tesis sostiene que el apostolado espiritual para personas desplazadas por la fuerza tiene un lugar central en la Iglesia universal contemporánea. Este apostolado también ocupa un lugar central en la Compañía de Jesús, cuyos ejercicios espirituales se consideran un don distintivo para la Iglesia y un instrumento poderoso para llevar a cabo la misión de la Compañía. La tesis también ha sostenido que los Ejercicios deben seguir adaptándose y aplicándose a las necesidades de audiencias específicas, incluido uno de los grupos de más rápido crecimiento en nuestro mundo actual: las personas desplazadas por la fuerza. A la luz de esto, esta tesis ha tratado de abordar la escasez de recursos espirituales para personas desplazadas por la fuerza, buscando responder específicamente a las necesidades espirituales de aquellos que se han reasentado en Australia y que pertenecen a la fe cristiana. Se ha buscado determinar los elementos y factores que deben considerarse para alimentar y apoyar las vidas espirituales de las personas desplazadas por la fuerza, teniendo en cuenta su historia, disposición y circunstancias actuales. Basado en esta información, ha explorado la mejor manera de ofrecer los ejercicios espirituales a los sobrevivientes de desplazamientos forzados, concretando estos aprendizajes en un programa o conjunto de ejercicios espirituales ignacianos (unos 200) diseñados para satisfacer sus necesidades identificadas, en particular su necesidad de curación. y para reescribir sus narraciones de vida de una manera más significativa. ; The phenomenon of forced displacement and migration has become one of the most pressing issues for the Church today, challenging the Church's understanding of its 'catholicity' or universality as the people of God, and challenging it to seek ways to incorporate the experience of people-in-movement into the lives of its existing communities of faith and to discern their specific contribution to the Church's identity, nature and essence. Forced displacement also challenges the Church to provide the best possible spiritual care to the displaced. Unfortunately, while governmental, faith-based and charitable organisations have strived to respond to the physical, material, psychological and emotional needs of survivors of forced displacement, in general, very little has been on offer to them in the pastoral, faith and spiritual areas. Following from the premises stated above, this thesis has argued that spiritual ministry to forcibly displaced people has a central place in the universal contemporary Church. This ministry has also a central place in the Society of Jesus, whose Spiritual Exercises are considered a distinctive gift to the Church, and a powerful instrument to carry out the Society's mission. The thesis has also contended that the Exercises should continue to be adapted and applied to the needs of specific audiences, including one of the fastest growing groups in our world today: forcibly displaced peoples. In light of this, this thesis has sought to address the dearth of spiritual resources for forcibly displaced people, looking specifically to respond to the spiritual needs of those who have resettled in Australia and who spouse the Christian faith tradition. It has sought to determine elements and factors that should be considered in order to nourish and support the spiritual lives of ex-forcibly displaced people, taking into account their history, disposition and present circumstances. Based on this information, it has explored how best to offer the Spiritual Exercises to survivors of forced displacement, concretising these learnings in a program or set of Ignatian spiritual exercises (about 200) designed to meet their identified needs, in particular their need for healing and for re-writing their life narratives in a more meaningful way.

Der Zweite Weltkrieg stellt bis heute den zentralen Bezugspunkt jener Gruppedar, die in der Forschung zumeist unter dem Begriff der «Russlanddeutschen»subsummiert wird. Insbesondere die kollektiven Zwangsumsiedlungen, die mitdem Erlass des Obersten Sowjets der UdSSR vom 28. August 1941 einsetzten und im Zuge derer bis Ende 1941 rund 900 000 Menschen nach Sibirien undKasachstan umgesiedelt wurden und rund 150 000 Menschen durch Aussiedlung,Hunger oder Zwangsarbeit starben, bilden den Kern eines Opfernarrativs,das durch russlanddeutsche Verbände und ihnen nahe stehende Historiker*innen mit einem in hohem Maße emotional besetzten Absolutheitsanspruchvertreten wird. Das ist angesichts der leidvollen Erfahrung sehr verständlich,führt jedoch andererseits auch dazu, dass all jene Facetten der Geschichte ausgeblendetwerden, die nicht dieser Interpretation entsprechen. Deutlich wirddas an den ukrainischen Gebieten: Während die deutschsprachige Bevölkerungin der östlichen Ukraine von der stalinistischen Zwangsumsiedlungspolitik erfasstwurde, wirkte sie im Westen und den zentralen Teilen des Landes an derdeutschen Besatzungs- und Vernichtungspolitik mit. Hier geht es mithin um dieFrage der Ausmaße einer Täter-, und keiner Opfergeschichte. Ihre Erforschungweist zahlreiche Desiderate auf, und im «offiziellen», kulturellen Gedächtnisder Gruppe kommt sie bisher kaum vor. In dem Beitrag wird die Entwicklung der russlanddeutschen ErinnerungsundGeschichtspolitik an die Zeit des Zweiten Weltkriegs in der Ukraine nachgezeichnetund einer kritischen Reflektion unterzogen werden. Es werden dreiGründe für die Entwicklung eines selektiven Erinnerns benannt: Die Geschichteder Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russland, die gesetzliche Anerkennungspraxisder Bundesrepublik Deutschland und die sowjetische Erfahrungder Menschen. Zugleich sind die Ereignisse des Zweiten Weltkriegs in der Ukrainein den Familiengedächtnissen schwarzmeerdeutscher Familien bis heutesehr präsent. Dies wirft die Frage auf, wie ein vollständigeres, auch Widersprüchebeinhaltendes Erinnern an den Zweiten Weltkrieg aussehen könnte. Hierzuwerden abschließend Perspektiven einer Öffnung des russlanddeutschen kulturellenGedächtnisses zur Diskussion gestellt. Schlagwörter: Russlanddeutsche, Schwarzmeerdeutsche, Migration, ZweiterWeltkrieg, «Volksdeutsche», Kulturelles Gedächtnis, Selektive Erinnerung,Heterogenität. ; Вторая мировая война до сегодня представляет центральный ориентир для группы людей, который обычно определяются в исследованиях сроком «российские немцы». Коллективные принудительные переселения, начатые согласно распоряжению Верховного Совета СССР от 28 августа 1941 г. и во время которых до конца 1941 г. в Сибирь и Казахстан было переселено около 900000 человек, при этом около 150000 людей погибло в результате переселения, голода или принудительных работ, создают центральную составляющую виктимного нарратива с сильно эмоционально заряженной претензией на абсолютность, представленного обществами российских немцев и связанными с ними историками. Учитывая болезненный опыт, это полностью понятно, но, с другой стороны, это также означает, что все аспекты истории, не соответствующие данной интерпретации, остаются скрытыми. Это становится очевидным в украинских регионах: в то время, как немецкоязычное население на востоке Украины подверглось сталинской политике насильственного переселения, на западе и в центральной части страны оно принимало участие в немецкой политике оккупации и уничтожения. Соответственно в таком случае речь идет об аспектах истории преступников, а не жертв. Их исследование обнаруживает многочисленные лакуны, которые до этого времени вряд ли заполнены в «официальной» групповой культурной памяти. В статье очерчено и критически осмысливается развитие политики памяти и истории о периоде Второй мировой войны в Украине, представленных «российскими немцами». Определены три причины развития избирательной памяти: история сообщества немцев из России, практика юридического признания Федеративной Республики Германия и советский опыт этих людей. В то же время события Второй мировой войны в Украине до сих пор широко присутствуют в семейных воспоминаниях причерноморских немецких семей. Это провоцирует вопрос о возможном виде более полной версии памяти о Второй мировой войне, которая бы включала и спорные моменты. Поэтому для обсуждения предлагаются перспективы открытия культурной памяти российских немцев. Ключевые слова: российские немцы, черноморские немцы, миграция, Вторая мировая война, этнические немцы, культурная память, избирательная память, гетерогенность. ; Друга світова війна до сьогоднішнього дня становить центральнийорієнтир для групи людей, які зазвичай визначаються в дослідженняхтерміном «російські німці». Колективні примусові переселення, які розпочалися згідно з наказом Верховної Ради СРСР від 28 серпня 1941 р.і під час яких до кінця 1941 р. до Сибіру та Казахстану було переселеноблизько 900 000 осіб, при цьому близько 150 000 людей загинули внаслідокпереселення, голоду чи примусових робіт, утворюють центральну складову віктимного наративу з сильно емоційно зарядженою претензієюна абсолютність, презентованого товариствами російських німців тапов'язаними з ними істориками. Враховуючи болісний досвід, це повністю зрозуміло, але, з іншого боку, це також означає, що всі аспекти історії, які не відповідають даній інтерпретації, залишаються прихованими.Це стає очевидним в українських регіонах: у той час, як німецькомовненаселення на сході України зазнало сталінської політики насильницького переселення, на заході та в центральній частині країни воно бралоучасть у німецькій політиці окупації та винищення. Відповідно у такомувипадку мова йде про аспекти історії злочинців, а не жертв. Їх дослідження виявляє численні лакуни, які до цього часу навряд чи заповненів «офіційній» груповій культурній пам'яті. У статті окреслюється та критично осмислюється розвиток політики пам'яті та історії про період Другої світової війни в Україні, презентованих «російськими німцями». Визначено три причини розвитку вибіркової пам'яті: історія спільноти німців з Росії, практика юридичноговизнання Федеративної Республіки Німеччина та радянський досвід цихлюдей. Водночас події Другої світової війни в Україні досі широко присутнів сімейних спогадах причорноморських німецьких родин. Це провокує питання про можливий вигляд більш повної версії пам'яті про Другу світовувійну, яка б включала і суперечливі моменти. Тож для обговорення пропонуються перспективи відкриття культурної пам'яті російських німців. Ключові слова: російські німці, чорноморські німці, міграція, Другасвітова війна, етнічні німці, культурна пам'ять, вибіркова пам'ять,гетерогенність.

This doctoral artistic research project addresses the possibility of a dance withdrawn from that neoliberal scheme accordingto which self-performance, entrepreneurship and the production of subjectivity rule. Taking as a starting point the dissident corporealities that have emerged in the last fifty years in Western contemporary experimental dance; the project involvesaesthetic, philosophical and socio-political perspectives, carried out on choreographic, performative, textual, audiovisual, curatorial and discursive media. In late capitalism dance's commitment with the future (or its lack thereof) must find alliances with potentiality and nothingness. This is not a nihilistic affirmation, but an attempt to enable an interval: a dance whose value has to be apprehended there, where it is already happening. Kafka said that "one might have a goal, but not a pathway". The pathway involves a decisive cognition such that cannot be carried out without one becoming the path itself; without defying so to speak, the relationship of the dancer with dance itself. It is not about what the dancer can do, say or communicate in respect to dance, but what dance accounts for in itself. In modern's kinetic exhaustion, the latter is possible approaching dance as a presence-in-crisis. The semantic field of the word "crisis" and its associated words, –critical judgment, decision and separation–, defines the moment when something or someone has somehow one foot outside. The moment when one realizes that it is not the world that ends, but the linguistic constructions and the reality systems that had made sense until then. This proposal tries to embody that gap. It tries to reveal the somatic, kinetic, political and aesthetic implications whereby to dance on a limit that is both inaugural and terminal. Decisive. Although "deciding" will always be not knowing what will happen. It is a dance that, although it does not seem to mean anything, it does something. The moment at which dance let's go of being a product (a goal), to become a deposition. "Deposition" is a word that includes both, an abandonment and a position. At the same time, to take on a position implies a becoming: a (path)way through which the dancer coincides with dance's conditions. The moment at which the dancer abandons any intention to communicate, to propose or to interpret dance, to carry out kinetically and perceptually the non-significant, ephemeral, ineffable and impersonal conditions that dance implies as a presence-in-crisis. In short, the coincidence "dancer : dance" implies taking into account an experience of dance freedom that is fugitive. In the theatre apparatus, it involves a dancing which ―by lacking recognizable aims, signs and subjects― gives way to an aesthetic paradigm which is not be construed as aparticular kind of thing (a performance, a type of dancer, a subject, or even a social or artistic process), but rather as a gap's embodied experimentation. A threshold, a curve. A parenthesis. An eclipse. A void: the encounter with something which doesn't need to be produced, because it is already happening. ; The Documented artistic research project (Doctoral thesis) consists of: Exposition in Research Catalogue that includes:ECLIPSE : MUNDO (performance, 2018) To Dance in the Age of No-Future (Pdf. Essay; also as a Printed Publication, 2019) Laboratories (2011-2019) Performance Experiments (2011-2014) Solo Dances (2011, 2012) Video-Essay & Film experiment (2013, 2014, 2019) Curatorial Experiment (2013) and Festival (2014, 2015) This documented artistic research project (Doctoral Thesis) consists of three inter-related parts: first it invites the reader to see the performance'svideo ECLIPSE: MUNDO located on RC website. Afterwards, the reader isLanguage: English3invited to read the book To Dance in the Age of No-Future and get acontext regarding the rest of the audiovisual materials located on the samewebsite. The exposed materials are displayed as an "essay written form"understood in the Spanish or French sense of the Latin word ensayo /répétition and its associated meanings such as try-out, rehearsal, practice,study, preparation and experimentation. To this end, the materials show anongoing migration of concepts, practices and tools, through analogousforms, equivalences and contrasts, inviting to see this project's genealogiesand continuous iterations in formats such as video, testimonies, audios,scores, tool descriptions and images. Accordingly, it is the reader who –byviewing, listening to and reading these materials– can trace the diversekinetic, political, aesthetic, discursive and conceptual layers linked to thepractices and presentation formats specific to this doctoral research projectsince its beginning.

In the Nordic countries, as in other contemporary societies across the world, increased migration following from conflicts, persecution and natural disasters has led to the arrival of and ensuing responsibility for cohorts of refugees and asylum seekers, many of which are underage children. With small chances of a safe return to their homelands for years to come, these children rely on the policies and practices of their host nations to promote the development of skills and competencies necessary to understand, live and work in their new societies. Moreover, they depend upon their host cultures to facilitate social integration while also providing the opportunity of maintaining and developing their own cultural identities. Through the UN convention relating to the status of refugees, as well as the UN convention on the rights of the child, refugee children are ensured these rights: the right to elementary education, the right to practice and enjoy one's own language and culture, and notably also the right to participate fully in cultural and artistic life.In Sweden and the other Nordic countries, the established system of municipally financed music and art programmes have, in recent years, cautiously assumed some of the responsibility for facilitating refugee children's social integration, learning and participation in and through music and art activities. Following visions of including all children, the Swedish and Norwegian Art and Music Schools have explored, tentatively, different ways of recruiting and engaging refugee children and youth in cultural activities. However, recent research suggests that participation in Art and Music School activities amongst refugee and immigrant children stay low, compared to their peers. How to include (fulfil their own vision), and thereby contribute to secure the rights of, refugee children, remains a challenge and also a political priority for the Art and Music Schools.Sweden's Art and Music Schools have under the last few years gone through a historical political period; they have been subjected to a national policy process, a process officially initiated by the government to create national regulation for the first time in history. Within the process, inclusion, in general, appears as a key issue as exemplified by the title of the investigation report on Art and Music Schools (SOU 2016:69), "An inclusive Art and Music School on its own terms". In this article, we investigate how the inclusion of refugee children in Swedish Art and Music and Schools is addressed and considered by Art and Music School leaders when discussing policies and their own Art and Music and School practices. Our approach entails tracing and analysing the discursive tension fields that form in focus group conversations with Art and Music School leaders talking about inclusion of refugee children in relation to practice and to the national policy process, as well as tracing and analysing the discourses that emerge within official documents of the policy process.105NNMPF2019, Stockholm PhD ProjectsThe aim of this article is to investigate the discourses and discursive tensions that emerge when Swedish Art and Music School leaders talk about inclusion of refugee children in relation to policy, as well as in relation to their own Art and Music school practices. The research question is: how do Art and Music School leaders talk about policy and inclusion of refugees when describing their own practice fields?The data for the present article consist of official documents (such as the investigation report on Art and Music Schools) as well as two focus group conversations with a total of twelve Art and Music School leaders from Sweden. Both conversations were conducted during the mentioned national policy process. Foucault inspired discourse analysis together with concepts from educational policy theories constitute the theoretical and analytical framework.A dominant inclusion discourse emerges through the initial analysis of the data. However, there are tensions between the policy and the practice levels when it comes to the inclusion of refugees. One example of such a tension is that when the municipalities do not have a specific policy for Art and Music Schools to include refugees, new kinds of including practices might not get funded. Further analysis of the data will trace discursive tensions within each dataset (the official documents and the focus group conversations) as well as between them. Moreover, further analysis will focus on how the concept of inclusion itself is spoken and written of. The concept of policy as process, as text and as discourse will also be applied in the analysis.