Practice of effective interaction of public authorities and non-governmental organizations: european experience for Ukraine ; Практика ефективної взаємодії публічної влади і громадських організацій: європейський досвід для України
Problem setting. Civil society in the modern conditions of human civilization is becoming an ambitious regulator of public relations between society and the state. Democratic values, which are embedded in the development program of many world powers, have formed the basis of communication mechanisms for the interaction of numerous institutions of public power and civil society. At the same time, the latter have considerable socio-psychological advantages and significantly affect the development of public-institutional relations in the state. Therefore, the state with respect for society determines the parameters of political and legal interaction, state regulation, policy of development of civil society institutions, promotes their motivated activities, stimulates their social and consolidating purpose. In this context, the experience of European countries is invaluable for Ukraine. It is especially important to use the successes of practical activities of public organizations in the EU countries adjacent to Ukraine, which underwent similar transformational socio-political processes in the late twentieth century and managed to effectively implement the public management capabilities of civil society.Recent research and publications analysis. We study the experience of European countries in the interaction of public authorities and public organizations by analyzing the original sources of official documents and research authored by Ukrainian and foreign scholars. The list of used literature prompted us to look for the best examples of intersubjective public-administrative relations in order to apply them in Ukrainian realities.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Based on the need to use the positive experience of the world's leading democracies in building civil society and the dynamics of its institutions, we consider it appropriate to identify the main trends in the system of public organizations in the European Union bordering Ukraine and have many common historical, cultural and social political characteristics (Poland, Hungary, Romania). In our opinion, such an approach would promote more effective adaptation of the state to the requirements of civil society at the present stage, would accelerate the improvement of state policy to promote the development of its institutions.Paper main body. The global dominance of democracy on the European continent at the end of the twentieth century was made possible primarily by Europeans' awareness of the integral values of human coexistence, attention to the daily lives of citizens regardless of language, nationality, race, religion. The basic principles of humanism, freedom and justice have become a solid foundation for civil society, which has become an example of modern development of the world's leading countries. The European Union emerged as an integral democratic institution, where the defense of human rights and freedoms is a priority of both continental civil society and each of its constituent states. The system of public organizations can be considered as an intermediate link that ensures this important mission and acts as an instrument of public interaction between the state and society. It is thought that the analysis of trends in their system in these EU neighboring countries can be accelerated by using a set of important criteria for assessing the level of development of NGOs, which will systematically give us the necessary performance indicator. Among them, we would emphasize such as state policy, legislation, civic initiative and the practice of public interaction of all subjects of state formation. We justify the use of the studied experience to analyze these criteria by the fact that they provide a holistic picture of common and distinctive features in the dynamics of the system of public organizations in a multilevel construct on a global (comparison within the EU), national (purely state-territorial segment) and regional (local territorial distribution) levels and assess the effectiveness of their public administration and institutional interaction with public authorities.For Ukraine, it would be worthwhile to use the experience of at least such neighboring countries of the Central and Eastern European region as Poland, Hungary and Romania, which at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s almost simultaneously made a successful transition to democracy and continue to improve the country's development. and social life. Thus, the development trends of public organizations in the proposed countries, which can serve as a good example for Ukraine, are defined in the following functional chain of assistance: public policy – legislation – civic initiative – the practice of public interaction.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The principle of mutual trust and social responsibility is needed for effective interaction of state bodies with civil society institutions. As a result, there is a tangible synergetic effect of cooperation between state and society institutions on contractual terms. Work in the field of cooperation between government institutions and public organizations should take stable forms. And their subject manifestations can be the experience of profile interaction, when ministerial agencies directly cooperate with relevant organizations (example of Romania), the effectiveness of the service delivery and its digitalization (example of Poland) and coordinated policies to promote the development of NGOs and, in particular, ethno-national communities Hungary). This format of public administration relations should be instilled in Ukraine, for which a particularly valuable example is the business activity of the subjects of public administration relations, which is characterized primarily by the transparency of decisions, reciprocity of public action and social responsibility of the parties. ; Проаналізовано практику ефективної взаємодії представників публічної влади і громадських організацій у суміжних із Україною країнах Європейського Союзу (далі – ЄС) Польщі, Угорщині, Румунії. Наголошено на тому, що інституції громадянського суспільства мають неабиякі соціально-психологічні переваги й суттєво впливають на розвиток публічно-інституційних відносин у державі. Доведено, що ефективна адаптація держави до вимог громадянського суспільства пришвидшує вдосконалення державної політики сприяння розвитку громадських організацій. Визначено функціональний ланцюг сприяння, за яким проглядається логіка застосування міжнародного досвіду в українських реаліях: державна політика – законодавчі норми – громадянська ініціатива – практика публічної взаємодії. Наголошено на прикладах профільної взаємодії (приклад Румунії), ефективності процедури надання сервісних послуг та її діджиталізації (приклад Польщі) та скоординованої політики сприяння розвитку громадських організацій (приклад Угорщини).